论文标题:Embryos and embryonic stem cells from the white rhinoceros
期刊:Nature Communications
作者:Thomas B. Hildebrandt, Giovanna Lazzari & Cesare Galli, et al.
发表时间:2018/07/04
数字识别码:10.1038/s41467-018-04959-2
原文链接:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-04959-2?utm_source=Other_website&utm_medium=Website_links&utm_content=RenLi-Nature-NATCOMMS-Biology-China&utm_campaign=NATCOMMS_USG_JRCN_RL_rhinoceros_sciencenet_article_2nd_July
根据《自然-通讯》发表的一项研究Embryos and embryonic stem cells from the white rhinoceros报告,辅助生殖技术可以培育出濒临灭绝的北方白犀牛(NWR)和其近亲亚种的杂交胚胎。
虽然此前研究人员曾对马等大型哺乳动物进行过体外受精,但这项研究是首例把犀牛胚胎在体外成功培养至囊胚期的例子,大大提高了部分保存北方白犀牛基因的可能性。
图1:获取白犀牛卵母细胞。
Hildebrandt et al.
北方白犀牛是世界上最濒危的哺乳动物。不久前,世界上最后一头雄性北方白犀牛离世,让剩下的两头雌性北方白犀牛成为这一物种仅存的成员。
意大利克雷莫纳Avantea的Cesare Galli、德国柏林莱布尼茨动物园及野生动物研究所Thomas Hildebrandt和同事们通过体外受精培育了杂交犀牛胚胎,并用杂交胚胎建立了胚胎干细胞系。
作者先将低温冷冻的雄性北方白犀牛精子解冻,但由于雌性北方白犀牛的卵母细胞(卵子)数量不断减少,研究人员只能通过卵细胞浆内单精子注射把雄性北方白犀牛的精子注射到其近亲亚种南方白犀牛(SWR)的卵母细胞内,使其受精。
研究人员将由此形成的北方-南方混合白犀牛胚胎培养至囊胚期, 再将其冷冻,以备将来移植到雌性南方白犀牛体内代孕。
图2:卵母细胞浆内单精子注射到囊胚期的胚胎发育。
Hildebrandt et al.
作者指出接下来的挑战是如何把冷冻胚胎放入代孕的南方母犀牛体内,并使其成功怀孕、分娩。此外,研究人员也计划尝试从两头仅存的雌性北方白犀牛体内获得卵母细胞。
在一篇相关评论中指出,美国辛辛那提动物园与植物园的Terri Roth和William Swanson表示这项研究“有望让功能性灭绝的北方白犀牛亚种的基因得以保留”。
摘要:The northern white rhinoceros (NWR, Ceratotherium simum cottoni) is the most endangered mammal in the world with only two females surviving. Here we adapt existing assisted reproduction techniques (ART) to fertilize Southern White Rhinoceros (SWR) oocytes with NWR spermatozoa. We show that rhinoceros oocytes can be repeatedly recovered from live SWR females by transrectal ovum pick-up, matured, fertilized by intracytoplasmic sperm injection and developed to the blastocyst stage in vitro. Next, we generate hybrid rhinoceros embryos in vitro using gametes of NWR and SWR. We also establish embryonic stem cell lines from the SWR blastocysts. Blastocysts are cryopreserved for later embryo transfer. Our results indicate that ART could be a viable strategy to rescue genes from the iconic, almost extinct, northern white rhinoceros and may also have broader impact if applied with similar success to other endangered large mammalian species.
阅读论文全文请访问:https://www.nature.com/articles/s41467-018-04959-2?utm_source=Other_website&utm_medium=Website_links&utm_content=RenLi-Nature-NATCOMMS-Biology-China&utm_campaign=NATCOMMS_USG_JRCN_RL_rhinoceros_sciencenet_article_2nd_July
(来源:科学网)
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