论文标题：A brief review on key technologies in the battery management system of electric vehicles

期刊： Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering

作者：Kailong LIU, Kang LI, Qiao PENG, Cheng ZHANG

发表时间：5 Mar 2019

DOI：10.1007/s11465-018-0516-8

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文章亮点 / Highlights

电池作为电动汽车（EV）和混合动力电动汽车（HEV）的核心动力源，其安全可靠运行对整车性能至关重要。其中，电池管理系统（Battery Management System, BMS）是保障电池安全、提升性能与延长寿命的关键技术支撑。不当的操作与管理不仅会引发安全隐患、加速老化，甚至可能导致热失控、起火或爆炸，因此BMS的优化与创新具有重要的现实意义与工程价值。

刘凯龙等人在 Frontiers of Mechanical Engineering（2019年第14卷第1期）发表的综述论文“A brief review on key technologies in the battery management system of electric vehicles”对BMS关键技术进行了系统梳理与总结。该文首先调研了电动汽车中常用的电池类型，指出锂离子电池凭借循环寿命长、能量密度高及环境友好性好等优势，已成为主流动力电池选择。随后，论文系统回顾了BMS的三大核心研究方向：电池建模、状态估计与充电策略。

在电池建模方面，作者综述了电气模型、热模型及电–热耦合模型等多种建模思路；在状态估计方面，全面比较了荷电状态（State of Charge, SOC）、健康状态（State of Health, SOH）及内部温度的独立估计与联合估计方法；在充电策略方面，总结了恒流（CC）、恒压（CV）、恒流–恒压（CC–CV）、多阶段恒流（MCC）等传统模式，并探讨了基于优化算法的智能充电方法与策略改进方向。

文章最后指出，当前BMS关键技术多仍停留在实验室验证阶段，其建模精度、估计稳定性及充电策略的自适应性在复杂工况下尚难满足实际应用需求。未来研究需深入揭示算法的适用边界与不确定性，构建性能置信区间与可解释性指标体系，为电动汽车BMS的工程化落地与技术迭代提供理论支撑与实践依据。

BMS中关键技术的关系

摘要 / Abstract

Batteries have been widely applied in many high-power applications, such as electric vehicles (EVs) and hybrid electric vehicles, where a suitable battery management system (BMS) is vital in ensuring safe and reliable operation of batteries. This paper aims to give a brief review on several key technologies of BMS, including battery modelling, state estimation and battery charging. First, popular battery types used in EVs are surveyed, followed by the introduction of key technologies used in BMS. Various battery models, including the electric model, thermal model and coupled electro-thermal model are reviewed. Then, battery state estimations for the state of charge, state of health and internal temperature are comprehensively surveyed. Finally, several key and traditional battery charging approaches with associated optimization methods are discussed.

引用信息 / Citation Information

Kailong LIU, Kang LI, Qiao PENG, Cheng ZHANG. A brief review on key technologies in the battery management system of electric vehicles. Front. Mech. Eng., 2019, 14(1): 47–64

https://doi.org/10.1007/s11465-018-0516-8

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