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FoAR 隔阂与协同：对办公建筑使用者开窗行为研究的工程学与社会科学方法综述 |
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论文标题：Disconnects and synergies: A review of engineering and social science approaches to studying occupant window behaviour in office building
期刊：Frontiers of Architectural Research
作者：Pengju Zhang, Shen Wei, Niamh Murtagh
发表时间：4 Aug 2026
DOI：10.1016/j.foar.2025.08.016
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FoAR是由高等教育出版社和东南大学建筑学院联合主办的全英文学术期刊
建筑学 / 城乡规划 / 风景园林
本刊已被 A&HCI / EI / CSCD / Scopus / DOAJ / CSTPCD 收录
中国科技期刊卓越行动计划 英文领军期刊
Manuscript Title
论文题目
Disconnects and synergies: A review of engineering and social science approaches to studying occupant window behaviour in office building隔阂与协同：对办公建筑使用者开窗行为研究的工程学与社会科学方法综述
Authors
作者
Pengju Zhang, Shen Wei* , Niamh Murtagh
The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction, University College London (UCL), London WC1E 7HB, United Kingdom
Abstract
论文摘要
To reduce carbon emissions and mitigate climate change, energy-efficient buildings are essential. Natural ventilation, facilitated by occupant-controlled windows, is an effective solution. In naturally ventilated buildings, their building performance, both environmental and energy, is quite dependent on occupant window behaviour. Understanding this relationship is vital for reducing energy use and enhancing well-being. Occupant behaviour, including window operation, is complex and requires interdisciplinary insights. Particularly in office spaces, more people exhibit complex window behaviours. Despite extensive research themes in this area, distinct contributions between engineering and social science studies have not been thoroughly explored. This study systematically reviewed 106 office-based studies to explore disparities and synergies between engineering and social science research methods. The review identified significant divergences in research aims, data collection methods, and theoretical foundations across disciplines. It further proposes an interdisciplinary framework grounded in a clear philosophical foundation. The framework clarifies the dual nature of occupant behaviour, shaped by both causal regularities and social meaning and integrates metatheoretical positions with problem-driven methodological strategies. This review offers an initial attempt to guide interdisciplinary research on occupant window behaviour in buildings, potentially supporting more socially responsive and philosophically coherent approaches to building performance evaluation and design.
为降低碳排放、应对气候变化，节能建筑至关重要。由使用者自主调控窗户实现的自然通风是一种有效的技术路径。在自然通风建筑中，其环境性能与能耗性能高度依赖使用者的开窗行为。厘清二者关联，对削减建筑能耗、提升人居健康舒适度具有重要意义。包含开窗操作在内的使用者行为具有复杂性，需要多学科交叉视角开展研究。办公空间中人员密集，开窗行为表现尤为多样。尽管该领域已有大量研究成果，但工程学与社会科学两类研究各自的独特价值尚未得到充分梳理。本文系统梳理106项以办公建筑为研究对象的文献，探究工程学与社会科学研究方法之间的差异与协同关系。综述发现，两类学科在研究目标、数据采集手段与理论基础方面存在显著分歧；在此基础上，本文构建一套具备清晰哲学根基的跨学科研究框架。该框架阐明使用者行为的双重属性：既受客观因果规律约束，又承载社会意义；同时将元理论立场与问题导向的研究方法策略相结合。本综述初步为建筑使用者开窗行为的跨学科研究提供指引，有望推动建筑性能评估与建筑设计形成更贴合社会现实、理论逻辑自洽的研究范式。
Keywords
关键词
Window behaviour / 开创行为
Social science / 社会科学
Engineering / 工程学
Energy conservation / 节能
Interdisciplinary research / 跨学科研究
Systematic literature review / 系统性文献综述
Sections Title
章节标题
1. Introduction / 引言
2. Methodology / 研究方法
2.1. Data collection / 数据采集
2.2. Classification of studies / 文献分类
3. Results / 研究结果
3.1. General findings of the review / 综述总体结论
3.2. Engineering-based studies / 工程学导向研究
3.2.1. Research aim / 研究目标
3.2.2. Data collection methods / 数据采集方法
3.3. Studies combining social science and engineering method / 融合社会科学与工程学方法的研究
3.3.1. Research aim / 研究目标
3.3.2. Data collection methods / 数据采集方法
3.4. Useful theories and frameworks for behavioural studies / 行为研究适用理论与框架
3.4.1. Theory / 理论
3.4.2. Framework / 框架
3.5. Comparing engineering and social science research methods / 工程学与社会科学研究方法对比
3.5.1. Difference and overlaps / 差异与交集
3.5.2. Data collection methods / 数据采集方法
3.5.3. Contributions of social science research methods / 社会科学研究方法的价值
4. Discussion / 讨论
4.1. Paradigmatic foundation and epistemological tension / 范式基础与认识论张力
4.1.1. Ontological assumptions: what is occupant behaviour? / 本体论预设：何为使用者行为？
4.1.2. Epistemological commitments: how to understand behaviour? / 认识论立场：如何理解使用者行为？
4.1.3. What are the methodological approaches and research aims? / 研究路径与研究目标
4.1.4. Can these paradigms be integrated? / 各类范式能否融合？
4.2. Empirical tensions and contradictions / 实证层面的分歧与矛盾
5. Conclusion / 结论
Illustrations
主要插图
▲ 图 1：文献筛选流程。©本文作者
▲ 图 2：各年度文献分布。©本文作者
▲ 图 3：纳入文献关键词共现分析图谱。©本文作者
▲ 图 4：研究目标、数据采集方法与理论基础对应关系桑基图。©本文作者
▲ 图 5：跨学科研究框架：哲学层面与实践层面。©本文作者
Authors Information
作者简介
Pengju Zhang
PhD Student
The Bartlett School of Sustainable ConstructionUniversity College London (UCL), United Kingdom
Shen Wei*
Associate Professor
The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction
University College London (UCL), United Kingdom
Dr ShenWei received his BEng degree in Building Services Engineeringin 2006, from the Beijing University of Technology in China. Then he obtained aMSc degree in Mechatronics Engineering from the Southern Denmark University inDenmark. Since November 2008, he started his PhD study at LoughboroughUniversity, focusing on occupant adaptive behaviour in buildings, includingmonitoring, modelling & simulation. He has conducted two post-doc positionsat Plymouth University & Loughborough University, respectively. Dr ShenWei currently a Member of ASHRAE (American Society for Heating Refrigerating andAir Conditioning Engineers), a graduate member of CIBSE (Chartered Institutionof Building Services Engineers), a Fellow of HEA (Higher EducationAssociation), and the Associate Editor of the Journal of Intelligent Buildings International.
Niamh Murtagh
Principal Research Fellow
The Bartlett School of Sustainable Construction
University College London (UCL), United Kingdom
Niamh’s first degree was in Computer Science, from University College Dublin. She worked in software in a variety of industries in Ireland and the UK, including electricity, telecommunications and logistics, and has achieved Chartered Engineer and Chartered Information Technology Practitioner status. Alongside her roles as an IT Project Manager and Systems Architect, she completed an MSc in Software Engineering at the University of Brighton. Having decided on a move to psychology, she completed an MSc in Occupational and Organisational Psychology at the University of Surrey and went on to complete a PhD in social psychology. Her findings from her PhD then led her into research in environmental psychology, particularly on pro-environmental behaviour and behaviour change. She worked for four years as a Research Fellow in the Environmental Psychology Research Centre at the University of Surrey. Her work there explored transport and energy behaviours from the perspective of sustainability, on projects funded by ESRC and EPSRC,co-working with disciplines including communications engineers, sociologists, economists, and political and environmental scientists. She joined UCL at the end of 2013 and has developed collaborations with colleagues across UCL and other UK universities, as well as in the UAE, Finland and China.
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