2026年9月2日，沙特阿拉伯阿卜杜拉国王科技大学Jessica Zamborain-Mason等科学家在《自然》（Nature）发表研究，揭示了水生无脊椎动物具有极高的营养密度，可为全球人口提供大量关键微量营养素。

全球大多数人口存在微量营养素摄入不足的问题，对经济和人类健康产生连锁不良影响。水生无脊椎动物是一类多样化、高产且具有重要社会生态意义的食物，但其对人类营养的贡献常被忽视。在此，研究人员结合水产养殖生产、捕捞渔业和营养成分数据，量化了水生无脊椎动物对全球营养素供应的贡献。此外，由于水生无脊椎动物的营养信息稀疏，研究人员利用物种特异性性状数据，开发了一个预测模型，用于估算SeaLifeBase（一个专注于海洋非鱼类物种的全球数据库）中登记的超过50,000种无脊椎动物的营养含量。研究表明，水生无脊椎动物营养密度极高，目前的水生无脊椎动物产量在维生素B??和硒方面可满足超过50亿人的年需求；在铜、omega-3脂肪酸、碘和锌方面可满足超过10亿人；在维生素B?和B?、铁、锰和镁等营养素方面可满足超过1亿人。营养成分在不同分类群、消费模式（例如食用部位和加工形式）以及环境和生活史因素（如物种栖息地或热环境）之间存在差异。总体而言，在实现生态可持续性且社会经济和食物系统障碍（如食品安全、可及性、可负担性、文化接受度和生物利用度）不阻碍无脊椎动物消费和营养吸收的前提下，本研究强调了将水生无脊椎动物纳入全球社会膳食组合的潜在益处，并将其营养重要性纳入发展项目、可持续性评估和食品政策的主流。

附：英文原文

Title: The nutritional value of invertebrate aquatic foods

Author: Zamborain-Mason, Jessica, Marwaha, Nisha, Yoo, Seo-Hyun, Hicks, Christina C., Robinson, James P. W., Abucay, Luisa R., Elsler, Laura G., Eurich, Jacob G., Friedman, Whitney R., Gephart, Jessica A., MacNeil, M. Aaron, Mason, Julia G., Palomares, M. L. Deng, Parducho, Vina A., Seto, Katherine L., Kleisner, Kristin M., Viana, Daniel F., Golden, Christopher D.

Issue&Volume: 2026-09-02

Abstract: Most of the global population has inadequate micronutrient intake1, leading to cascading adverse effects on economies and human health2. Aquatic invertebrates are a diverse, productive and socioecologically important food3,4, yet their contribution to human nutrition is frequently overlooked5. Here, combining aquaculture production, capture fisheries and nutrient composition data, we quantify the contribution of aquatic invertebrates to global nutrient supplies. Furthermore, as nutrient information for invertebrates is sparse, using species-specific trait data, we develop a predictive model to estimate the nutrient content of over 50,000 invertebrate species registered in SeaLifeBase, a global database focused on marine non-fish species. We show aquatic invertebrates are exceptionally nutrient dense, with current aquatic invertebrate production supplying the equivalent annual requirement for over 5billion people in terms of vitamin B12 and selenium; over 1billion people for copper, omega 3 fatty acids, iodine and zinc; and over 100million people for nutrients such as vitamins B2 and B3, iron, manganese and magnesium. Nutrient composition differs among taxonomic groups, consumption patterns (for example, body parts and processing form), and environmental and life-history factors such as the habitat or thermal regime the species lives in. Overall, provided that ecological sustainability is attained and socioeconomic and food-system barriers (such as food safety, access, affordability, cultural acceptance and bioavailability) do not prevent invertebrate consumption and nutrient uptake, our study highlights the potential benefits of integrating aquatic invertebrates into dietary portfolios across global societies, mainstreaming their nutritional importance in development projects, sustainability assessments and food policy.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10908-7

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10908-7