近日，意大利那不勒斯费德里科二世大学Bereneice Sephton报道了远程操控粒子状拓扑结构以可视化纠缠动力学。相关论文于2026年9月2日发表在《光：科学与应用》杂志上。

斯格明子是一种具有量子化斯格明子数的粒子状拓扑结构，已在凝聚态和光子学平台中均得以实现。在量子光子学中，它们构成一种新兴资源，有望实现鲁棒的量子信息编码，目前已实现为单光子和双光子纠缠态。

研究组报道了利用自旋-斯格明子纠缠态首次实现三方纠缠动力学的拓扑结构可视化，其中单个光子的拓扑性质通过其纠缠伙伴的自旋进行远程控制。研究组通过引入拓扑布洛赫球的概念，在理论上可视化该三方态，该布洛赫球完全捕捉了态中的纠缠和拓扑特征。利用这一态，他们实现了首个量子多斯格明子，即在单个结构中包含多个局域斯格明子，并模拟了其磁性对应物的特征。

研究组通过实验验证了这一点，并表明穿越该拓扑球揭示了纠缠驱动的局域拓扑结构的粒子状运动。这些动力学揭示了三方纠缠关联的物理表现，研究组以类GHZ态为例加以说明，实现了系统中编码的多个贝尔态的可视化。该工作为量子传感开辟了令人兴奋的可能性，可将复杂量子信道特征映射到多体态的拓扑可观测量上，并为利用量子拓扑实现多级编码量子通信方案提供了有前景的途径。

附：英文原文

Title: Remote engineering of particle-like topologies to visualise entanglement dynamics

Author: Nothlawala, Fazilah, Sephton, Bereneice, Ornelas, Pedro, Koni, Mwezi, Piccirillo, Bruno, Feng, Liang, Nape, Isaac, DAmbrosio, Vincenzo, Forbes, Andrew

Issue&Volume: 2026-09-02

Abstract: Skyrmions are a particle-like topology with a quantized skyrmion number, realized across condensed matter and photonic platforms alike. In quantum photonics, they constitute an emerging resource, promising robust quantum information encoding, so far realized as single-photon and bi-photon entangled states. Here we report the first visualization of tripartite entanglement dynamics through topological structure using spin-skyrmion entangled states, where the topology of a single photon is remotely controlled through the spin of its entangled partner. We visualize our tripartite state theoretically by introducing the notion of a topological Bloch sphere that completely captures the entanglement and topological features of the state. By leveraging this state, we realize the first quantum multiskyrmions, comprising multiple localized skyrmions within a single structure, that emulate signatures of their magnetic counterparts. We verify this experimentally and show that traversing our topological sphere reveals entanglement-driven particle-like motion of the localized topological structures. These dynamics unveil a physical manifestation of tripartite entanglement correlations which we illustrate by example of GHZ-like states, enabling a visualization of multiple Bell states encoded within our system. Our work opens exciting possibilities for quantum sensing by mapping complex quantum channel features onto topological observables of multipartite states and offers a promising avenue for harnessing quantum topologies for multi-level encoding quantum communication schemes.

DOI: 10.1038/s41377-026-02443-x

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41377-026-02443-x