近日，美国西北大学Jonathan Chen团队揭示了海洋酸化与阿普第期–阿尔布期有孔虫灭绝的关联。2026年7月30日出版的《科学》发表了这项成果。

浮游有孔虫演化史上第二大灭绝事件发生在阿普第期–阿尔布期界线。该灭绝事件可能反映了与海洋缺氧事件1b（OAE 1b）相关的海洋酸化（OA）。由于钙同位素比值（δ^44/40Ca）可以追踪生物钙化速率对海洋酸化的响应，研究组测量了南大西洋阿普第期–阿尔布期界线处浮游和底栖有孔虫、全岩碳酸盐以及自生方解石的δ^44/40Ca记录。

底栖有孔虫和全岩碳酸盐的δ^44/40Ca数据显示出明显的负漂移和正漂移序列，与其他海洋酸化事件中的δ^44/40Ca变化类似。浮游有孔虫的δ^44/40Ca值显著升高，与钙化速率降低相吻合，同时浮游有孔虫的大小、多样性和壳体厚度也出现减小。这些结果表明，海洋酸化驱动了阿普第期–阿尔布期界线处浮游有孔虫的灭绝。

附：英文原文

Title: Calcium isotopes link ocean acidification to Aptian–Albian foraminiferal extinctions

Author: Jonathan Chen, Andrew D. Jacobson, Brian T. Huber, Kenneth G. MacLeod, Chuyan Wan, Anna R. Waldeck, Barbara Balestra, Bradley B. Sageman

Issue&Volume: 2026-07-30

Abstract: The second-largest extinction event in the evolutionary history of planktic foraminifera occurred at the Aptian–Albian boundary. This extinction may reflect ocean acidification (OA) associated with Oceanic Anoxic Event 1b. As calcium isotope ratios (δ44/40Ca) can track how biocalcification rates respond to OA, we measured δ44/40Ca records for planktic and benthic foraminifera, bulk carbonates, and authigenic calcite across the Aptian–Albian boundary in the South Atlantic. Benthic and bulk δ44/40Ca data display a distinct sequence of negative and positive excursions, similar to δ44/40Ca variations across other OA events. Planktic δ44/40Ca values increase markedly, tracking a reduction in calcification rates coincident with decreases in the size, diversity, and shell thickness of planktic foraminifera. These results suggest that OA drove extinctions of planktic foraminifera at the Aptian–Albian boundary.

DOI: aed9359

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aed9359