研究发现，qTGW1a编码开花地点T样蛋白，控制水稻抽穗和氮素主题效率（NUE），是水稻粒重和产量的基础。TGW1a与Ghd7和Hd1相互作用，稳定Ghd7和Hd1，提高氮肥利用率和粮食产量。启动子的自然变异使祖先等位基因TGW1aJZ能够维持TGW1a转录的中间水平。通过与弱粒数调控因子Gn1aJZ解耦，TGW1aJZ在5个现代品种及其衍生F1杂交种的生育期缩短3.67 ~ 8.67 天，籽粒产量提高4.22 ~ 11.00%。本研究为培育生育期短、产量高的水稻品种开辟了新的途径。
据介绍，协调生育期短与产量高之间的关系对提高水稻年产量至关重要。
附：英文原文
Title: TGW1a locus simultaneously shortens growth duration and boosts grain yield in rice
Author: Zhiyong Li, Guan Li, Zhichao Liu, Zhen Cheng, Yibo Wu, Xixi Liu, Xinyong Liu, Xin Ai, Wanning Liu, Guanghao Li, Longxue Chang, Man Yin, Yichen Cheng, Yu Cheng, Yifeng Wang, Xiaohong Tong, Jie Huang, Guoming Zhang, Yuxuan Hou, Jiezheng Ying, Jian Zhang
Issue&Volume: 2026-08-20
Abstract: Reconciling the trade-off between short growth duration and high grain yield is essential for enhancing annual rice yields. We found that qTGW1a, encoding a flowering locus T-like protein, controls heading and nitrogen use efficiency (NUE) underpinning grain weight and yield in rice. TGW1a interacts with and stabilizes Ghd7 and Hd1 to boost NUE and grain yield. Natural variations in the promoter enable the ancestral allele TGW1aJZ to maintain an intermediate level of TGW1a transcription. By decoupling its linkage to the weak grain number regulator Gn1aJZ, TGW1aJZ conferred 3.67 to 8.67 days shorter growth duration and 4.22 to 11.00% higher grain yield in five modern cultivars and derived F1 hybrids. This research uncovers a locus for breeding rice varieties featuring shorter growth durations and higher yields.
DOI: ady1619
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ady1619