通过分析全球3000多种雀形目动物鸣叫的声学结构，研究组发现这个声学空间可以围绕8个基本主题进行构建。这些图案的不同主题是由物种的生物特征（社会组织、形态和交配系统）和声音传播的物理特性共同驱动的。在热带雨林中，为了传输效率，环境过滤倾向于结构简单的图案，比如扁平的口哨。相反，在温带地区，高种群密度促进了近距离的交流，而短的繁殖季节加剧了性选择，平衡转向了复杂的、信息丰富的图案，比如超快的颤音，尽管它们对声学退化很敏感。最终，鸟鸣的全球地理反映了物理环境约束和复杂交流的生物驱动之间的空间变化平衡。
据介绍，尽管鸟类鸣叫是理解声音交流进化的经典模型，但它们的全球多样性长期以来使统一框架的发展具有挑战性。
附：英文原文
Title: The global biogeography of passerine songs
Author: Quentin Bacquelé, Jean-Yves Barnagaud, Cyrille Violle, Frédéric Theunissen, Nicolas Mathevon
Issue&Volume: 2026-07-23
Abstract: Although bird songs are classic models for understanding the evolution of vocal communication, their global diversity has long made the development of a unifying framework challenging. By analyzing the acoustic architecture of songs from more than 3000 passerine species worldwide, we show that this acoustic space can be structured around eight elemental motifs. The differential use of these motifs is driven by a combination of species’ biological traits (social organization, morphology, and mating system) and the physics of sound propagation. In tropical rainforests, environmental filtering for transmission efficiency favors structurally simple motifs, such as flat whistles. Conversely, in temperate regions, where high population densities facilitate close-range communication and short breeding seasons intensify sexual selection, the balance shifts toward complex, information-rich motifs, such as ultrafast trills, despite their susceptibility to acoustic degradation. Ultimately, the global geography of birdsong reflects a spatially varying equilibrium between physical environmental constraints and the biological drive for complex communication.
DOI: aee6239
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aee6239