本文报道了合成植物免疫受体（SPIRs）的可编程设计。将重新设计的靶向病原体蛋白的结合模块嫁接到植物免疫受体的整合诱饵（ID）结构域。SPIRs识别来自病毒、细菌、真菌和卵菌病原体的蛋白质。通过将人工智能引导的蛋白质设计与植物定向进化相结合，增强了免疫激活，同时减少了自身激活，从而提高了它们的性能。SPIRs具有较高的靶向特异性，可堆叠用于病原体蛋白的多重识别。重要的是，病毒靶向的SPIRs对植物病毒主题的感染克隆有反应，表达SPIRs的转基因植物具有抗病能力。这项工作为高效的植物免疫工程建立了一个通用的平台。
据悉，天然植物免疫受体的多样性和识别范围有限，阻碍了对快速进化的病原体的抗性育种。
附：英文原文
Title: Programmable design of synthetic plant immune receptors for pathogen protein recognition
Author: Haocheng Zhu, Dandan Jiang, Qiao Zhang, Kang Zhang, Kevin Tianmeng Zhao, Jin-Long Qiu, Caixia Gao
Issue&Volume: 2026-07-23
Abstract: The limited diversity and recognition scope of natural plant immune receptors impede resistance breeding against rapidly evolving pathogens. Here we report programmable design of synthetic plant immune receptors (SPIRs). De novo designed binding modules targeting pathogen proteins were grafted into the integrated decoy (ID) domain of a plant immune receptor. SPIRs recognized proteins derived from viral, bacterial, fungal, and oomycete pathogens. Their performance was improved by combining AI-guided protein design with in planta directed evolution, enhancing immune activation while reducing autoactivation. SPIRs exhibited high target specificity and could be stacked for multiplexed recognition of pathogen proteins. Importantly, viral-targeting SPIRs responded to infectious clones of plant viruses, and transgenic plants expressing SPIRs conferred disease resistance. This work establishes a versatile platform for efficient plant immunity engineering.
DOI: aee1792
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aee1792