南京农业大学其荣小组宣布他们的论文发现了木霉素激活AtABCB5依赖的生长素外排，促进植物发育。这一研究成果于2026年7月23日发表在国际顶尖学术期刊《细胞》上。

研究表明，哈兹木霉（Trichoderma harzium wollenthswo）有助于有效的根定植和促进植物生长。ThSWO穿过植物细胞壁并定位到质膜，在那里它与ABC转运蛋白AtABCB5相互作用，该课题组研究人员将其确定为真正的生长素外排载体。ThSWO结合到NBD2和AtABCB5的r结构域表面，促进Ser640和Ser644的磷酸化，增强吲哚-3-乙酸（IAA）的流出并触发生长素相关的反应，包括细胞壁酸化、膜电位转移和加速细胞质流动。AtABCB5-ThSWO界面上的结构引导取代对转运体结合和侧根促进有不同的影响，支持宿主生长素运输是主要效应靶点的结论。这些发现揭示了真菌效应物协同宿主生长素运输机制促进植物发育的分子机制，对微生物辅助作物改良具有重要意义。

研究人员表示，有益真菌木霉通过鲜为人知的机制促进植物生长和抗逆性。

附：英文原文

Title: Trichoderma swollenin activates AtABCB5-dependent auxin efflux to promote plant development

Author: Jiaxin Lu, Jing Liu, Siqi Jiang, Yan Xu, Zhangxin Yan, Lun Li, Feng Zhang, Wei Chen, Dabing Xu, Ying Li, Bingyu Liu, Waseem Raza, Wei Xuan, Dongyang Liu, Qirong Shen

Issue&Volume: 2026-07-23

Abstract: The beneficial fungus Trichoderma enhances plant growth and stress tolerance through poorly understood mechanisms. Here, we show that Trichoderma harzianum swollenin ThSWO contributes to efficient root colonization and plant growth promotion. ThSWO traverses the plant cell wall and localizes to the plasma membrane, where it interacts with ABC transporter AtABCB5, which we establish as a bona fide auxin efflux carrier. ThSWO binding to NBD2 and R-domain faces of AtABCB5 prosmotes phosphorylation at Ser640 and Ser644, enhancing indole-3-acetic acid (IAA) efflux and triggering auxin-associated responses, including cell wall acidification, membrane potential transitions, and accelerated cytoplasmic streaming. Structure-guided substitutions at the AtABCB5-ThSWO interface differentially affected transporter binding and lateral root promotion, supporting the conclusion that host auxin transport is a primary effector target. These findings reveal a molecular mechanism by which a fungal effector co-opts host auxin transport machinery to promote plant development, with implications for microbe-assisted crop improvement.

DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2026.07.001

Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(26)00761-0