在这项工作中，研究小组确定了铁催化的活性脂质过氧化物主要触发单个细胞铁下垂并驱动开花蓝藻的种群崩溃。课题组人员揭示了微囊藻华死亡事件中不稳定铁破裂、氧化应激、脂质过氧化和细胞死亡的时间顺序。死亡细胞在菌落内呈现非随机的空间分布。细胞不稳定铁催化的脂质过氧化作用增强，产生带有烷基的短脂肪酰基链的截短磷脂。这些活性脂质过氧化物破坏质膜的稳定性，诱导纳米级膜孔的形成，导致单个细胞的铁下垂和溶解。氧化的脂质也从嗜铁细胞中释放出来，将脂质过氧化作用传播到邻近的细胞，从而在整个群体中传播死亡。
据悉，有害的藻华是世界上最严重的生态危害，在几天内突然终止。
附：英文原文
Title: Iron-catalyzed active lipid peroxides drive ultrafast collective cell death in blooming algae
Author: Yinjie Zhu, Xiaoxiong Wang, Yifan Tong, Chengzhen Jia, Huansheng Cao, Hongying Hu, Yi Tao
Issue&Volume: 2026-06-25
Abstract: Harmful algal blooms, the most severe ecological hazards worldwide, terminate abruptly within a few days. In this work, we identified that iron-catalyzed active lipid peroxides predominantly trigger individual cell ferroptosis and drive the population collapse of blooming cyanobacteria. We reveal the chronological sequence of labile iron burst, oxidative stress, lipid peroxidation, and cell death during a Microcystis bloom demise event. Dead cells exhibit a nonrandom spatial distribution within colonies. Intensifying lipid peroxidation catalyzed by cellular labile iron generates truncated phospholipids with shortened fatty acyl chains bearing alkyl groups. These active lipid peroxides destabilize plasma membranes and induce nanoscale membrane pore formation, resulting in individual cell ferroptosis and lysis. Oxidized lipids are also released from ferroptotic cells, propagating lipid peroxidation to neighboring cells, thereby spreading death throughout the population.
DOI: aed3823
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aed3823