该研究团队生成了一个古基因组数据集，以微区域分辨率重建小匈牙利平原的后罗马组织。对两个罗马时代遗址（n = 68）和五个后罗马时代遗址（n = 246）的遗传和考古分析表明，北欧血统的增加反映了大规模的人口迁移到该地区。
此外，尽管后罗马时代的遗址有着相似的遗传特征、物质文化和埋葬习俗，但它们表现出不同的社会结构，特别是在生物亲缘关系方面所起的作用。这些发现突出了地方等级制度，揭示了后罗马政体的形成。
据了解，罗马世界的转变（公元15世纪至9世纪）以西罗马帝国的灭亡为高潮，标志着欧洲历史上的一个根本转变。关于这种转变的区域特殊性的关键问题仍然存在。
附：英文原文
Title: Unveiling the complexity of post-Roman polity formation in Pannonia using ancient DNA
Author: Yijie Tian, István Koncz, Norbert Faragó, Corina Knipper, Ronny Friedrich, Deven N. Vyas, Levente Samu, Olga Spekker, Tamás Szeniczey, Tamás Hajdu, Balázs Gusztáv Mende, Péter Tomka, Ildikó Katalin Pap, Dávid Czigány, Rita Radzeviciute, Luca Traverso, Guido Alberto Gnecchi-Ruscone, Paolo Francalacci, Bernd Schne, Gábor Tóth, Anna Szécsényi-Nagy, Petrus le Roux, Kurt W. Alt, Zuzana Hofmanová, Walter Pohl, Johannes Krause, Tivadar Vida, Patrick J. Geary, Krishna R. Veeramah
Issue&Volume: 2026-06-11
Abstract: The transformation of the Roman world [fourth to ninth centuries common era (CE)], culminating in the Western Roman Empire’s fall, marked a fundamental transition in European history. Key questions persist regarding the regionally specific nature of this transformation. We generated a paleogenomic dataset to reconstruct post-Roman organizations in the Little Hungarian Plain at microregional resolution. Genetic and archaeological analyses of two Roman (n = 68) and five post-Roman (n = 246) sites reveal a rise in Northern European ancestry, reflecting large-scale population movements into this region. Moreover, despite post-Roman sites sharing similar genetic profiles, material culture, and burial practices, they show distinct social structures, especially regarding the role played by biological relatedness. These findings highlight local hierarchies and reveal the making of a post-Roman polity.
DOI: aec2634
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aec2634