英国布里斯托尔大学J. Memmott研究小组揭示了传粉媒介为脆弱社区的营养和收入提供支持。这一研究成果于2026年5月6日发表在国际顶尖学术期刊《自然》上。

在这里，该课题组记录了尼泊尔复制小农社区的个人层面的饮食、作物产量、农业收入和作物-传粉者的相互作用，以量化昆虫传粉者、作物植物和单个家庭的营养摄入和收入之间的联系。昆虫传粉媒介直接贡献了44%的农业收入和20%以上的维生素A、叶酸和维生素E摄入量。该团队展示了预计当地传粉媒介物种的减少将如何加剧脆弱社区（如这里所研究的社区）的贫困率和微量营养素缺乏率。

然而，他们的研究结果表明，管理当地授粉服务可以改善人类营养和家庭收入。事实上，大量的传粉者，如本地蜜蜂、大黄蜂和食蚜蝇，对维持和增强营养流动最重要。更广泛地应用这种将生物多样性与人类健康和生计联系起来的方法，可以为改善全世界数百万小农的生活揭示可持续的新途径。

研究人员表示，生物多样性的丧失通过授粉等生态系统服务的退化威胁着人类的健康和福祉。然而，如果生态系统和人类之间没有明确的机制联系，这些服务可能仍然是抽象和无形的。因此，预测环境退化对人类福利的影响或确定改善人类生活的有效生态干预措施是具有挑战性的。

附：英文原文

Title: Pollinators support the nutrition and income of vulnerable communities

Author: Timberlake, T. P., Sapkota, S., Saville, N. M., Cirtwill, A. R., Baral, S. C., Bhusal, D. R., Devkota, K., Giri, S., Harris-Fry, H. A., Joshi, D., Kortsch, S., Myers, S. S., Roslin, T., Smith, M. R., Memmott, J.

Issue&Volume: 2026-05-06

Abstract: Biodiversity loss threatens human health and welfare through the degradation of ecosystem services like pollination1,2,3. However, without clear mechanistic links between ecosystems and people, these services can remain abstract and intangible. Consequently, it is challenging to predict the effects of environmental degradation on human welfare or to identify effective ecological interventions that improve human lives. Here we record individual-level diets, crop yields, farming income and crop–pollinator interactions in replicate smallholder communities in Nepal to quantify the links among insect pollinators, crop plants and nutrient intake and income of individual families. Insect pollinators were directly responsible for 44% of people’s farming income and more than 20% of their vitaminA, folate and vitaminE intake. We show how declines in local pollinator species are anticipated to exacerbate rates of poverty and micronutrient deficiency in vulnerable communities such as the ones studied here. However, our results demonstrate that management of local pollination services can improve human nutrition and household income. Indeed, abundant pollinators like native honeybees, bumblebees and hoverflies are the most important for sustaining and enhancing nutrient flows. Applied more widely, this approach of linking biodiversity to human health and livelihoods could reveal sustainable new pathways for improving the lives of millions of smallholders worldwide.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10421-x

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10421-x