浙江大学动物科学学院乐敏团队取得一项新突破。他们的最新研究提出了“健康一体”基因组学揭示肠炎沙门氏菌中特定生态位谱系替代现象。这一研究成果于2026年5月12日发表在国际顶尖学术期刊《国家科学评论》上。

课题组采用了跨学科的“同一个健康”方法来编译和分析中国最大的肠炎沙门氏菌基因组数据集，整合了来自人类、动物、食品和环境部门的分离株。他们的分析揭示了抗菌素耐药性（AMR）的惊人升级，20年来多药耐药率增加了两倍。抗菌素耐药性的激增与中国大陆三个主要谱系的分化进化相吻合：Global-b1、Global-b2和Global-c。

至关重要的是，课题组研究人员证明了Global-c谱系通过抵抗驱动的谱系替换过程实现了比例优势。这种成功是由移动遗传因素推动的，并得到增强的环境应激耐受性和代谢可塑性的支持。额外的SNP距离图谱发现了以人类为中心传播的证据。总的来说，研究组阐明了肠炎沙门氏菌谱系的复杂、局部适应和竞争动态。

据介绍，肠道沙门氏菌血清型肠炎是一种宿主范围广泛的病原体，对畜牧业生产和公共卫生构成全球性挑战。然而，考虑到人类适应特征的新证据，肠炎的国家尺度进化动力学仍未被探索。

附：英文原文

Title: One Health Genomics Reveals Niche-Specific Lineage Replacement in Salmonella Enteritidis

Author: Zhou, Haiyang, Huang, Linlin, Gong, Jianshen, Jia, Chenghao, Cao, Qianzhe, Wang, Zubin, Song, Yan, Chen, Jiaqi, Chen, Aizhong, Zhang, Yi, Ed-Dra, Abdelaziz, Li, Yan, Zhao, Guoping, Yue, Min

Issue&Volume: 2026-05-12

Abstract: Salmonella enterica serovar Enteritidis is a broad-host-range pathogen posing global challenges to livestock production and public health. However, nation-scale evolutionary dynamics of Enteritidis remain unexplored, considering emerging evidence of human-adaptive traits. Here, we employed a transdisciplinary One Health approach to compile and analyze the largest genomic dataset of S. Enteritidis in China, integrating isolates across human, animal, food, and environmental sectors. Our analyses reveal an alarming escalation in antimicrobial resistance (AMR), with multidrug resistance rates tripling over the two decades. This surge in AMR coincides with the divergent evolution of three major Chinese mainland lineages: Global-b1, Global-b2, and Global-c. Crucially, we demonstrate that the Global-c lineage has achieved proportional dominance through a process of resistance-driven lineage replacement. This success is fueled by mobile genetic elements and supported by enhanced environmental stress tolerance and metabolic plasticity. Additional SNP-distance mapping uncovered evidence of human-centric dissemination. Collectively, we elucidate the complex, localized adaptation and competitive dynamics of S. Enteritidis lineages.

DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwag275

Source: https://dx.doi.org/10.1093/nsr/nwag275