近日，荷兰代尔夫特理工大学L. M. K. Vandersypen团队研究了半导体自旋的多体干涉测量。2026年4月9日，《科学》杂志发表了这项成果。

量子模拟器能够研究经典硬件难以处理的多体现象。基于半导体量子点的器件中对电子自旋态的操控，有望实现精确的电学控制和可扩展性优势，但由于纳米制造以及多个相互作用同时调控方面的挑战，迄今为止对多体现象的研究仍受到限制。

研究组利用一个2×4栅极定义的锗量子点阵列，对多达八个相互作用的自旋进行了光谱学测量。该光谱学方案基于拉姆齐干涉测量以及将多体本征态绝热映射为单自旋本征态，从而能够实现完整能谱的重构。当相互作用强度超过磁无序时，研究组观察到了从局域化到混沌相交叉的特征，这标志着向在量子点系统中观测多体现象迈出了一步。

附：英文原文

Title: Many-body interferometry with semiconductor spins

Author: D. Jirovec, S. Reale, P. Cova Faria, C. Ventura-Meinersen, M. P. Nguyen, X. Zhang, S. D. Oosterhout, G. Scapucci, M. Veldhorst, M. Rimbach-Russ, S. Bosco, L. M. K. Vandersypen

Issue&Volume: 2026-04-09

Abstract: Quantum simulators enable studies of many-body phenomena, which are intractable with classical hardware. The manipulation of electronic spin states in devices based on semiconductor quantum dots promises precise electrical control and scalability advantages, but accessing many-body phenomena has so far been restricted by challenges in nanofabrication and simultaneous control of multiple interactions. In this study, we performed spectroscopy of up to eight interacting spins using a 2-×-4 array of gate-defined germanium quantum dots. The spectroscopy protocol is based on Ramsey interferometry and adiabatic mapping of many-body eigenstates to single-spin eigenstates, enabling complete energy spectrum reconstruction. As the interaction strength exceeds magnetic disorder, we observed signatures of the crossover from localization to a chaotic phase marking a step toward the observation of many-body phenomena in quantum dot systems.

DOI: aed4177

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.aed4177