近日，中国科学院大连化物所袁开军团队研究了HOD光解反应中直接和间接反应路径间的量子干涉。这一研究成果于2026年3月3日发表在《自然-化学》杂志上。

量子粒子的波动特性使其能够产生干涉效应，这种效应可影响化学反应的结果；然而，此前观测到的干涉现象大多源于两个空间分离的反应路径，类似于杨氏双缝实验。

研究组报道了关于HOD光解离的精细实验研究，发现OD(X)产物碎片的转动能级分布存在随激发波长变化的特征。全维度量子计算半定量地复现了实验观测结果，该分析将这一行为归因于直接解离与间接解离路径之间的动力学干涉——这两条路径在线性H-OD构型处穿过相同的锥形相交缝，这种干涉机制与光学中的"单缝衍射"现象具有类似性。观测到的这些动力学特征证实，即使在单一反应路径内部也能产生干涉效应，为通过量子力学手段控制锥形相交介导的非绝热动力学提供了新思路。

附：英文原文

Title: Quantum interference between direct and indirect reaction paths in the photodissociation of HOD

Author: Wang, Junyan, Luo, Zijie, Zhou, Linsen, Hu, Xixi, Li, Zhenxing, Guo, Hua, Han, Shanyu, Xie, Daiqian, Yuan, Kaijun, Yang, Xueming

Issue&Volume: 2026-03-03

Abstract: The wave-like nature of quantum particles enables interference effects that can influence the outcomes of chemical reactions; however, most have been observed to occur from two spatially distinct reaction pathways, analogous to Young’s double-slit experiment. Here we report detailed experiments on HOD photodissociation that reveal excitation-wavelength-dependent variations in the rotational state distribution of OD(X) product fragments. Full-dimensional quantum calculations reproduce the experimental observations semi-quantitatively, and our analysis attributes this behaviour to dynamical interferences between direct and indirect dissociation paths that both traverse the same conical intersection seam at collinear H–OD geometries, an interference analogous to ‘single-slit diffraction’ in optics. These observed dynamical signatures demonstrate that interference can manifest even within a single reaction pathway, suggesting a quantum mechanical means to control conical intersection-mediated nonadiabatic dynamics.

DOI: 10.1038/s41557-026-02078-w

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41557-026-02078-w