近日，中国科学院青藏高原所宋培平团队揭示了柴达木-昆仑大陆泥盆纪向北漂移制约了古特提斯洋的早期演化。这一研究成果于2026年3月3日发表在《国家科学评论》杂志上。

青藏高原北部的柴达木-昆仑地块的裂离和漂移触发了古特提斯洋的开启，但其古地理格局长期存在争议，尤其是关于该洋盆开启的时间——从志留纪前到泥盆纪存在多种观点。这一争议主要源于缺乏可靠的泥盆纪古纬度约束。

研究组报道了柴达木-昆仑泥盆纪双峰式火山岩的新古地磁学、年代学和地球化学数据。经褶皱检验、倒转检验和砾石检验支持的原生剩磁方向表明，约4.11亿年前该地块位于南纬约25.6°。这一结果将柴达木-昆仑地块置于冈瓦纳大陆北缘，并显示其与同期位于北半球的华北板块存在显著的纬度差异。火山岩地球化学特征指示其形成于板内拉张环境。结合已有的古生代古地磁数据表明，柴达木-昆仑地块于早泥盆世从印度冈瓦纳大陆裂离，随后在泥盆纪期间向北漂移，从而促进了古特提斯洋的开启。

附：英文原文

Title: Devonian northward drift of the Qaidam–Kunlun continent constrains the early evolution of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean

Author: Song, Peiping, Ding, Lin, Wu, Chen, Zuza, Andrew V, Zhang, Liyun, Yue, Yahui, Xie, Jing

Issue&Volume: 2026-03-03

Abstract: Rifting and drifting of the Qaidam–Kunlun continent in northern Tibet triggered the opening of the Paleo-Tethys Ocean, but its paleogeography remains debated, particularly the timing of ocean opening, which ranges from pre-Silurian to Devonian. This debate largely reflects the lack of reliable Devonian paleolatitude constraints. Here, we present new paleomagnetic, geochronological, and geochemical data from Devonian bimodal volcanics of Qaidam–Kunlun. Primary remanent magnetization directions, supported by positive fold, reversal, and conglomerate tests, yield a paleolatitude of ~25.6°S at ~411 Ma. These results place Qaidam–Kunlun along the northern margin of Gondwana and demonstrate significant latitudinal separation from the contemporaneously northern North China during the Early Devonian. Geochemical characteristics of the volcanic indicate formation in an intraplate extensional regime. Integration with available Paleozoic paleomagnetic data suggests that Qaidam–Kunlun rifted from Indian Gondwana in the Early Devonian, and subsequently drifted northward during the Devonian, facilitating the opening of Paleo-Tethys.

DOI: 10.1093/nsr/nwag131

Source: https://academic.oup.com/nsr/advance-article/doi/10.1093/nsr/nwag131/8504127searchresult=1