任务学习增加了猕猴视觉皮层神经反应的信息冗余，这一成果由美国罗切斯特大学
该研究团队通过跟踪猕猴在学习视觉辨别任务时皮质V4区的群体反应来验证这些假设。该课题组研究人员发现了对贝叶斯预测的有力支持：任务学习在数周的训练和单次试验中增加了神经反应的冗余。这种冗余并没有减少信息，反而增加了单个神经元携带的信息。这些见解表明，大脑中的感觉处理反映的是一种生成推理过程，而不是判别推理过程。
据悉，在新任务中，大脑是如何优化感官信息来做决策的一种假说认为，学习减少神经表征中的冗余以提高效率，而另一种基于贝叶斯推理的假说则预测，学习通过在神经元之间分配信息来增加冗余。
附：英文原文
Title: Task learning increases information redundancy of neural responses in macaque visual cortex
Author: Shizhao Liu, Anton Pletenev, Ralf M. Haefner, Adam C. Snyder
Issue&Volume: 2026-03-05
Abstract: How does the brain optimize sensory information for decision-making in new tasks One hypothesis suggests that learning reduces redundancy in neural representations to improve efficiency, whereas another, based on Bayesian inference, predicts that learning increases redundancy by distributing information across neurons. We tested these hypotheses by tracking population responses in macaque cortical area V4 as monkeys learned visual discrimination tasks. We found strong support for the Bayesian predictions: Task learning increased redundancy in neural responses over weeks of training and within single trials. This redundancy did not reduce information but instead increased the information carried by individual neurons. These insights suggest that sensory processing in the brain reflects a generative rather than discriminative inference process.
DOI: adw7707
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adw7707