近日，中国科学院福建物质结构所洪茂椿团队报道了在金属-有机框架中构建自适应孔以捕获湿烟气中的CO₂。2026年3月23日出版的《美国化学会志》发表了这项成果。

从工业烟气中高效捕获二氧化碳对于实现碳中和至关重要。然而，由于二氧化碳的极性和分子大小介于水与氮气之间，这一目标仍然是一项巨大挑战。

研究组设计并合成了一种新型金属有机框架材料FJI-H46，该材料具有柔性骨架、与二氧化碳尺寸匹配的超微孔以及氯离子位点，能够从湿烟气中自适应识别二氧化碳。FJI-H46具有优异的化学稳定性，即使在强酸、强碱和高温条件下也能保持结构完整。它能够高效捕获模拟烟气中的二氧化碳，表现出超高的吸附容量、极高的选择性和非常低的吸附焓。

这一优异性能源于氯离子位点的自适应运动、柔性骨架的自适应形变以及超微孔的限域效应之间的协同作用。这种协同效应还使得FJI-H46对二氧化碳的初始吸附焓高于水，且对二氧化碳的吸附速率远快于水，从而有效抑制了水的竞争吸附。即使在100%相对湿度下，FJI-H46仍表现出卓越的碳捕获能力、显著的水共吸附抑制能力，以及对反复水吸附-脱附循环的出色长期耐受性。

附：英文原文

Title: Constructing Self-Adaptive Pores in a Metal–Organic Framework for Capturing CO2 from Wet Flue Gas

Author: Shengjie Liu, Qihui Chen, Daqiang Yuan, Maochun Hong

Issue&Volume: March 23, 2026

Abstract: Efficient capture of CO2 from industrial flue gas is crucial for achieving carbon neutrality. However, this goal remains a huge challenge due to the fact that the polarity and size of CO2 lie between those of H2O and N2. Here, we design and synthesize a novel metal–organic framework (MOF) (FJI-H46) featuring a flexible framework, ultramicropores matched with CO2, and Cl– sites capable of adaptively recognizing CO2 from wet flue gas. FJI-H46 has excellent chemical stability and can maintain structural integrity even under strong acids, strong bases, and high temperatures. It can efficiently capture CO2 from simulated flue gas with ultrahigh adsorption capacity, exceptionally high selectivity, and very low adsorption enthalpy. This outstanding performance stems from the synergistic effect among the adaptive movement of Cl– sites, the adaptive deformations of the flexible framework, and the confinement effect of ultramicropores. Such synergy also results in a higher initial adsorption enthalpy of FJI-H46 for CO2 than H2O, and a much faster adsorption rate for CO2 than H2O, thereby effectively suppressing competitive adsorption of H2O. Even at 100% relative humidity (RH), FJI-H46 demonstrates exceptional carbon capture capacity, remarkable ability to suppress H2O coadsorption, and outstanding long-term tolerance to repeated H2O adsorption and desorption.

DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5c20653

Source: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jacs.5c20653