密歇根大学Ping He小组取得一项新突破。他们开发出螺旋状NLR激活后辅助NLR抵抗体簇的组装。这一研究成果于2026年3月11日发表在国际顶尖学术期刊《自然》上。

在这里，课题组人员报道了mkk1 mkk2 2的CNL抑制子（SUMM2），与使用MADA基序穿透PM5的典型CNL不同，它通过N-肉豆蔻酰化与PM结合，这是许多CNL的共同特征。通过N-肉豆蔻酰化靶向PM对summ2诱导的细胞死亡至关重要。激活后，SUMM2促进脂酶样蛋白增强的疾病易感性1 （EDS1）和PHYTOALEXIN缺陷4 （PAD4）与NLR激活的辅助疾病抗性1-like 1（ADR1-L1）的关联。

此外，活性SUMM2诱导多个ADR1-L1抗性小体聚集成与EDS1-PAD4复合物共定位的环状组装体，EDS1-PAD4-ADR1模块对于SUMM2激活的细胞死亡至关重要。总之，这些发现表明，N-豆芽糖酰基化介导的PM靶向SUMM2可促进高阶EDS1-PAD4-ADR1-L1抗性体的组装，从而引发细胞死亡。

研究人员表示，植物核苷酸结合富亮氨酸重复序列（NLR）免疫受体检测病原体效应物并激活免疫。螺旋状NLRs（CNLs）在质膜（PM）中形成抵抗体作为Ca²⁺渗透通道。然而，抵抗体激活细胞死亡的机制尚不清楚。

附：英文原文

Title: Assembly of helper NLR resistosome clusters upon activation of a coiled-coil NLR

Author: Ge, Dongdong, Ortiz-Morea, Fausto Andres, Xie, Yingpeng, Yeo, In-Cheol, Shen, Qiaochu, Zhou, Yulu, Liu, Guangchao, Kong, Liang, Shan, Libo, He, Ping

Issue&Volume: 2026-03-11

Abstract: Plant nucleotide-binding leucine-rich repeat (NLR) immune receptors detect pathogen effectors and activate immunity1. Coiled-coil NLRs (CNLs) form resistosomes as Ca2+-permeable channels in the plasma membrane (PM)2,3,4. However, the mechanism by which resistosomes activate cell death remains unclear. Here we report that the CNL SUPPRESSOR OF mkk1 mkk2 2 (SUMM2), unlike canonical CNLs that use a MADA motif to penetrate the PM5, tethers to the PM through N-myristoylation, a common feature among many CNLs. PM targeting via N-myristoylation is essential for SUMM2-induced cell death. Upon activation, SUMM2 promotes the association of the lipase-like proteins ENHANCED DISEASE SUSCEPTIBILITY 1 (EDS1) and PHYTOALEXIN DEFICIENT 4 (PAD4) with the helper NLR-ACTIVATED DISEASE RESISTANCE 1-LIKE 1 (ADR1-L1). Furthermore, active SUMM2 induces the clustering of multiple ADR1-L1 resistosomes into a ring-like assembly colocalized with the EDS1–PAD4 complex, and the EDS1–PAD4–ADR1 module is essential for SUMM2-activated cell death. Together, these findings reveal that N-myristoylation-mediated PM targeting of SUMM2 promotes the assembly of higher-order EDS1–PAD4–ADR1-L1 resistosome clusters for cell death initiation.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-026-10215-1

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-026-10215-1