中国科学院遗传与发育生物学研究所周俭民小组取得一项新突破。他们的研究开发出了一个调节网络促进质外体碱化，以激发感染部位远端组织的植物免疫力。该项研究成果发表在2026年2月24日出版的《细胞》上。
该课题组研究人员发现，丁香假单胞菌不仅在感染部位，而且在邻近的远端组织中诱导外胞体碱化，以增强拟南芥的防御和抗病能力。课题组人员发现，几种钙依赖性蛋白激酶使两种主要的自抑制H+-ATP酶的Ser899磷酸化，从而抑制其活性，导致碱化。远端碱化伴随着植物细胞因子的转录激活，包括植物激发肽、富含丝氨酸的内源肽及其受体。课题组研究人员发现这些植物细胞因子促进远端碱化和抗病性，而外胞体碱化使植物细胞因子感知敏感，从而进一步诱导植物细胞因子基因。他们的研究表明，外胞体碱化和植物细胞因子基因表达相互增强，并作为一个联合信号，在局部远端通信和抗病启动中传播。
据介绍，植物的免疫激活触发细胞外碱化，可能是通过抑制质膜H+-ATP酶。这一过程的确切作用和潜在机制仍然知之甚少。
附：英文原文
Title: A regulatory network promotes apoplastic alkalinization to prime plant immunity in tissues distal to site of infection
Author: Hongze Wang, Xiuming Li, Keran Zhai, Jack Rhodes, Tian Sang, Jiwen Zhao, Yong Gao, Shengwei Ma, Beibei Song, Qing Pan, Meijuan Hu, Peiyong Xin, Jinfang Chu, Pengcheng Wang, Cyril Zipfel, Jian-Min Zhou
Issue&Volume: 2026-02-24
Abstract: Immune activation in plants triggers extracellular alkalinization, presumably by inhibiting plasma membrane H+-ATPases. The precise role and underlying mechanisms of this process remain poorly understood. Here, we show that Pseudomonas syringae bacteria induce apoplastic alkalinization not only at the site of infection but also in neighboring distal tissues to prime defenses and disease resistance in Arabidopsis. We show that several calcium-dependent protein kinases phosphorylate Ser899 of two major autoinhibited H+-ATPases to dampen their activity, leading to alkalinization. The distal alkalinization is accompanied by the transcriptional activation of phytocytokines, including plant elicitor peptides, serine-rich endogenous peptides, and their receptors. We show that these phytocytokines promote distal alkalinization and disease resistance, whereas the apoplastic alkalinization sensitizes the phytocytokine perception that further induces phytocytokine genes. Our study suggests that apoplastic alkalinization and phytocytokine gene expression mutually potentiate and act as a combined signal that propagates in local-distal communication and disease resistance priming.
DOI: 10.1016/j.cell.2026.01.027
Source: https://www.cell.com/cell/abstract/S0092-8674(26)00114-5