近日，浙江大学谷保静团队报道了氮管理助力中国实现可持续发展目标。该项研究成果发表在2026年2月23日出版的《自然—地球科学》杂志上。

氮素既是关键养分也是重要污染物，在推动全球可持续发展目标（SDGs）进程中扮演着双重角色。然而，氮素对SDG实现的综合影响机制尚不清晰。

研究组利用耦合人与自然系统（CHANS）模型构建评估框架，系统分析了2020年中国氮素管理对SDGs的影响。研究发现，中国的氮素利用与流失对17个SDG中的11个产生显著影响，且呈现明显区域异质性。总体而言，经济发达地区在氮素相关SDG（SDG-N）的经济维度得分较高，但在社会与环境维度得分偏低。

模拟结果表明，实施综合性氮素管理对于促进SDGs协同增效至关重要：该策略可使中国SDG-N指数得分提升8-26%，预计每年可为国家带来1620亿美元（980-2080亿美元）的综合收益，具体体现在化肥与粮食进口支出缩减、农业单产提升、公共健康改善、生态系统韧性增强及气候减缓效应等方面。值得注意的是，实现这些效益仅需340亿美元（270-410亿美元）的净投入成本，投入产出比显著，为推进中国可持续发展议程提供了高成本效益的解决方案。

附：英文原文

Title: Nitrogen management to achieve China’s Sustainable Development Goals

Author: Chen, Binhui, Zhang, Xiuming, Gu, Baojing

Issue&Volume: 2026-02-23

Abstract: Nitrogen, serving as both a vital nutrient and a potent pollutant, has an important role in the pursuit of global Sustainable Development Goals (SDGs). However, the comprehensive impact of nitrogen on SDG achievement remains relatively unclear. Here we utilize the Coupled Human and Natural Systems (CHANS) model to build a framework for assessing the influence of nitrogen on SDGs in China during 2020. Our analysis reveals that nitrogen use and loss in China affect 11 out of the 17 SDGs, with notable regional disparities. In general, regions with higher economic development perform better in the nitrogen-related SDG (SDG-N) scores within the economy dimension, but score lower in the society and environment dimensions. Our simulations indicate that comprehensive nitrogen management is crucial to foster synergy among SDGs, which could enhance SDG-N index scores in China by 8–26%, resulting in substantial national benefits, including US$162billion (US$98–208billion) in savings on fertilizer and food imports, increased agricultural yields, improved public health, enhanced ecosystem resilience and climate mitigation. Importantly, these benefits can be achieved with a modest net implementation cost of only US$34billion (US$27–41billion), making it a cost-effective and sustainable solution for advancing China’s SDG agenda.

DOI: 10.1038/s41561-026-01919-0

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41561-026-01919-0