埃默里国家灵长类动物研究中心Steven E. Bosinger小组的一项最新研究发现了恒河猴免疫球蛋白位点变异的种群水平基因组分析揭示了广泛的种系多样性。2026年1月5日，国际知名学术期刊《免疫学》发表了这一成果。

为了解决这个问题，该课题组研究人员开发了实验和计算方法，以生成106个印度裔RMs的综合抗体库和长读基因组测序数据。该课题组人员创建了IG重链和轻链变量(V)、多样性(D)和连接(J)等位基因，以及先导子、内含子和重组信号序列（RSSs）的抗性。这包括对1095个以前未识别的等位基因的管理，揭示了它们的巨大多样性，并将现有的IG等位基因集扩大了40%。这个公开的、不断更新的资源（https://vdjbase.org/reference_book/Rhesthem_Macaque）为推进RM免疫基因组学、疫苗发现和转化研究提供了基础。

据了解，恒河猴（RMs）是研究人类疾病的重要模型，对临床前疫苗研究，特别是对广泛中和抗体反应的研究具有不可宝贵的价值。这类研究需要大量的遗传资源来寻找免疫球蛋白（IG）基因座内的抗体编码基因。从历史上看，IG基因座的复杂性使其难以准确表征。

附：英文原文

Title: Population-level genomic analysis of immunoglobulin loci variation in rhesus macaques reveals extensive germline diversity

Author: Ayelet Peres, Amit A. Upadhyay, Vered Klein, Swati Saha, Oscar L. Rodriguez, Zachary M. Vanwinkle, Kirti Karunakaran, Amanda Metz, William Lauer, Mark C. Lin, Timothy Melton, Lukas Granholm, Pazit Polak, Samuel M. Peterson, Eric J. Peterson, Nagarajan Raju, Kaitlyn Shields, Steven Schultze, Thang Ton, Adam J. Ericsen, Stacey A. Lapp, Francois Villinger, Mats Ohlin, Christopher A. Cottrell, Rama R. Amara, Cynthia A. Derdeyn, Shane Crotty, William R. Schief, Gunilla B. Karlsson Hedestam, Melissa L. Smith, William Lees, Corey T. Watson, Gur Yaari, Steven E. Bosinger

Issue&Volume: 2026-01-05

Abstract: Rhesus macaques (RMs) are a vital model for studying human disease and are invaluable to preclinical vaccine research, particularly for the study of broadly neutralizing antibody responses. Such studies require robust genetic resources for antibody-encoding genes within the immunoglobulin (IG) loci. The complexity of the IG loci has historically made them challenging to characterize accurately. To address this, we developed experimental and computational methodologies to generate a collection of integrated antibody repertoire and long-read genomic sequencing data in 106 Indian-origin RMs. We created a resource of IG heavy- and light-chain variable (V), diversity (D), and joining (J) alleles, as well as leader, intronic, and recombination signal sequences (RSSs). This includes the curation of 1,095 previously unidentified alleles, unveiling tremendous diversity and expanding existing IG allele sets by 40%. This publicly available, continually updated resource (https://vdjbase.org/reference_book/Rhesus_Macaque) provides the foundation for advancing RM immunogenomics, vaccine discovery, and translational research.

DOI: 10.1016/j.immuni.2025.12.002

Source: https://www.cell.com/immunity/abstract/S1074-7613(25)00527-8