近日，浙江大学杨德仁团队研究了用于稳定钙钛矿太阳能电池的埋藏界面氮化硅纳米复合材料。这一研究成果发表在2026年1月6日出版的《自然—光子学》杂志上。
钙钛矿组件在户外条件下的长期稳定性仍然具有挑战性，这阻碍了其商业化进程。由电荷累积驱动的缺陷演化是导致钙钛矿光电器件性能恶化的关键因素。
研究组介绍了一种位于钙钛矿太阳能电池埋入界面的非晶（壳）-晶态（核）氮化硅（Si3N4）纳米复合材料。该复合材料作为纳米缓存器，可缓解电荷累积并抑制缺陷演化。非晶壳层的不饱和悬键密度较低，可有效钝化钙钛矿薄膜的表面缺陷。同时，晶态Si3N4核层内的陷阱中心在器件运行过程中捕获累积的载流子，从而逐步增强内部电场。这反过来又提高了电荷提取效率，并抑制了由电荷累积驱动的缺陷演化。
由此制成的钙钛矿太阳能电池和面积10.86平方厘米的最小模块分别实现了26.65%（认证值为26.37%）和23.17%（认证值为22.2%）的功率转换效率。此外，大面积钙钛矿模块（面积1,252平方厘米）在户外运行6个月后仍能保持稳定的功率输出。
附：英文原文
Title: Silicon nitride nanocomposites at the buried interface for stable perovskite solar cells
Author: Li, Biao, Wang, Xingtao, Zhang, Tianchi, Ning, Weihua, Zhao, Dongming, Wang, Yong, Yu, Xuegong, Yang, Deren
Issue&Volume: 2026-01-06
Abstract: Long-term stability of perovskite modules under outdoor conditions remains challenging, hindering their commercialization. Defect evolution driven by charge accumulation is as a key factor deteriorating the performance of perovskite optoelectronic devices. Here we introduce an amorphous (shell)–crystalline (core) silicon nitride (Si3N4) nanocomposite at the buried interface of perovskite solar cells. The composite acts as a nano-cacher that mitigates charge accumulation and suppresses defect evolution. The amorphous shell, with a low density of unsaturated dangling bonds, effectively passivates surface defects of the perovskite film. Simultaneously, the trapping centres within the crystalline Si3N4 core capture accumulated charge carriers during device operation, progressively enhancing the internal electric field. This, in turn, improves charge extraction efficiency and suppresses defect evolution driven by charge accumulation. The resulting perovskite solar cells and minimodules with an area of 10.86cm2 achieve a power conversion efficiency of 26.65% (certified 26.37%) and 23.17% (certified 22.2%), respectively. Moreover, large perovskite modules (area 1,252cm2) maintain stable power output over 6 months of outdoor operation.
DOI: 10.1038/s41566-025-01819-6
Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41566-025-01819-6