近日，中国科学技术大学刘胜团队研究了Rashba自旋轨道耦合玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体中的拓扑缺陷动力学。这一研究成果于2025年9月3日发表在《物理评论A》杂志上。

研究组分析了二维Rashba自旋-轨道耦合玻色-爱因斯坦凝聚体的猝灭动力学。他们的研究重点是如何将系统从零动量相位淬灭为条纹相位。在淬火过程中，拓扑缺陷以涡流的形式出现。

这些涡旋和反涡旋呈现出数量相等的随机空间分布。在均匀系统中，研究组观察到涡旋产生时间和涡旋数随淬灭速率呈指数尺度变化，这与传统的Kibble-Zurek机制一致，其衰减遵循对数规律，与实验观察结果一致。

附：英文原文

Title: Dynamics of topological defects in a Rashba spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate

Author: Sheng Liu, Yong-Sheng Zhang

Issue&Volume: 2025/09/03

Abstract: We investigate the quench dynamics of a two-dimensional Rashba spin-orbit-coupled Bose-Einstein condensate. Our study focuses on quenching the system from a zero-momentum phase to a stripe phase. During this quench, topological defects emerge in the form of vortices. These vortices and antivortices exhibit a random spatial distribution with equal numbers. In a uniform system, we observe an exponential scaling of both the vortex production time and the vortex number with the quench rate, consistent with the conventional Kibble-Zurek mechanism, the decay of which adheres to a logarithmic law, aligning with experimental observations.

DOI: 10.1103/qlx5-dqr3

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/qlx5-dqr3