近日，华东师范大学王鹏飞团队研究了可调谐拉曼孤子和4 μm以上色散波在厘米长氟碲光纤中的产生。这一研究成果于2025年9月24日发表在《光：科学与应用》杂志上。

3-5 μm中红外（MIR）超快激光强度因其在光谱学、环境监测和成像等领域的重要应用而受到广泛关注。然而，由于缺乏具有良好化学稳定性、热稳定性、高非线性和低损耗的MIR光纤，4-5 μm致密光纤激光器仍然是一个重大的技术挑战。

研究组基于具有宽传输窗口的60TeO₂-20BaF₂-10AlF₃-10Y₂O₃ （TBAY）玻璃开发了氟碲酸盐光纤，并在厘米级长度的该种光纤中，通过3.54微米飞秒激光泵浦，实现了可调谐拉曼孤子及超过4微米的色散波产生。采用管棒法成功制备了损耗低至0.39分贝/米的氟碲酸盐光纤。TBAY光纤的高数值孔径（约1.1@3.5微米）使得通过调节纤芯直径即可在宽范围内调控零色散波长。

当纤芯直径为6.5微米时，色散调控的TBAY光纤可产生4584纳米的拉曼孤子；而纤芯直径为3微米时，则能产生4177纳米的色散波。研究组通过详细实验研究了泵浦功率和光纤长度对孤子自频移及色散波动力学的影响。基于广义非线性薛定谔方程的理论分析和数值模拟结果与实验数据相互印证。该研究结果表明，TBAY光纤是构建4-5微米波段紧凑型超快激光源的理想非线性介质。

附：英文原文

Title: Generation of tunable Raman soliton and dispersive wave beyond 4 μm in centimeter-length fluorotellurite fibers

Author: Wang, Juan, Wang, Shunbin, Zhou, Xiabing, Liu, Mo, Wu, Hao, Yin, Yu, Qin, Zhipeng, Xie, Guoqiang, Li, Zhenrui, Wang, Pengfei, Liu, Yichun

Issue&Volume: 2025-09-24

Abstract: 3–5-μm mid-infrared (MIR) ultrafast laser sources have garnered significant attention due to their critical applications in spectroscopy, environmental monitoring, and imaging. However, 4–5-μm compact fiber laser sources remain a significant technological challenge due to the lack of MIR fibers with good chemical stability, thermal stability, high nonlinearity, and low loss. Here, we develop fluorotellurite fibers based on 60TeO2-20BaF2-10AlF3-10Y2O3 (TBAY) glasses with a wide transmission window, demonstrating tunable Raman soliton and dispersive wave (DW) generation beyond 4μm in centimeter-length fluorotellurite fibers pumped by a 3.54μm femtosecond laser source. Fluorotellurite fibers with a loss of 0.39dB/m were fabricated using a rod-in-tube method. The high numerical aperture (NA~1.1@3.5μm) of TBAY fibers allows the zero-dispersion wavelength (ZDW) to be tuned over a wide range by varying the core diameter of the fibers. The dispersion-engineered TBAY fibers with a core diameter of 6.5μm enabled 4584nm Raman soliton generation, while fibers with a core diameter of 3μm enabled 4177nm DW generation. We conducted detailed experiments to investigate the influence of pump power and fiber length on SSFS and dispersive wave dynamics. Theoretical analysis and numerical simulations based on the generalized nonlinear Schrdinger equation corroborate the experimental results. Our results show that TBAY fibers are promising nonlinear media for constructing compact ultrafast laser sources in the 4-5μm wavelength range.

DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-02045-z

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41377-025-02045-z