近日，中国科学技术大学易为团队实现了在耗散伊辛链中架起经典和量子的桥梁。这一研究成果于2025年9月9日发表在《物理评论A》杂志上。

研究组分析了具有变量子相关的耗散伊辛链的长时间动力学。引用一个整体-平均的形式，并假设空间平移对称，他们证明了动力学可以用一个内插相干哈密顿量的林德布拉德主方程来描述。在经典极限中，内插哈密顿量导致一组非线性运动方程，其中在长时间动力学中可能出现极限环。相比之下，在量子极限下，系统在很长时间内接近铁磁稳定状态。

在这两个极端之间，离散空间平移对称可以自发地被打破，因为反铁磁稳态出现，连接经典和量子体系。特别是，研究组说明了经典的极限环行为是如何随着量子相关性的增加而逐渐消失的。由于他们在两个极端下的模型分别适用于高温和零度极限下的耗散里德伯气体，研究组期望它能在中间温度下提供耗散里德伯气体的定性正确描述，并揭示量子开放系统中极限环的命运。

附：英文原文

Title: Bridging the classical and quantum regimes in a dissipative Ising chain

Author: Zhenming Zhang, Haowei Li, Wei Yi

Issue&Volume: 2025/09/09

Abstract: We study the long-time dynamics of a dissipative Ising chain with varying quantum correlation. Invoking an ensemble-average formalism and assuming spatial translation symmetry, we show that the dynamics can be described by a Lindblad master equation with an interpolated coherent Hamiltonian. In the classical limit, the interpolation Hamiltonian leads to a set of nonlinear equations of motion, where limit cycles can emerge in the long-time dynamics. In the quantum limit, by contrast, the system approaches a ferromagnetic steady state at long times. In between the two extremes, the discrete spatial translation symmetry can be spontaneously broken, as an antiferromagnetic steady state emerges, bridging the classical and quantum regimes. In particular, we illustrate how the classical limit-cycle behavior gradually disappears with the increase of quantum correlation. Since our model in the two extremes respectively applies to a dissipative Rydberg gas in the high- and zero-temperature limits, we expect it to provide a qualitatively correct description of dissipative Rydberg gases at interim temperatures and shed light on the fate of limit cycles in a quantum open system.

DOI: 10.1103/3jd9-5lzs

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/3jd9-5lzs