近日，西安交通大学郗凯团队揭示了晶体面工程阴离子调节使锂金属电池快速充电稳定。相关论文发表在2025年9月8日出版的《德国应用化学》杂志上。

锂金属电池（LMB）提供卓越的能量密度和输出电压。然而，它们的实际应用仍然受到离子传输缓慢和不受控制的锂枝晶形成的阻碍，特别是在快速充电条件下。

研究组报道了一种基于沸石咪唑盐框架-8 （ZIF-8）的面工程阴离子调节分离器，具有优先晶体暴露（110）面。该表面的配位不饱和锌中心作为路易斯酸位点，选择性地锚定双（三氟甲磺酰基）亚胺阴离子(TFSI)，诱导定向Li⁺通量，抑制枝晶生长。同时，微孔框架有利于空间锂约束，减轻局部电流密度，增强界面稳定性。因此，设计的隔膜能够使Li||Cu电池在2 mA cm^-2和1 mAh cm^-2下进行1400多次超稳定循环，平均库仑效率为98.7%。

在全电池结构下，LiFePO₄（LFP）电池在5℃下3000次循环中表现出99.9%的库仑效率，而高负载Li||LiNi_0.8Co_0.1Mn_0.1O₂ (NCM811, 12.30 mg cm^-2)电池经过135次循环后仍能保持84.4%的容量。一个阴极负载高达19.92 mg cm^-2的Li||LFP袋式电池在170次循环中表现出了强大的循环能力。这些发现建立了基于框架材料的面工程分离器，作为一种通用和可扩展的策略，用于推进稳定和快速充电的金属电池。

附：英文原文

Title: Crystal Facet-Engineered Anion Regulation Enables Fast-Charging Stability in Lithium Metal Batteries

Author: Chunli Liu, Weiping Li, Zheng Wang, Zhengqian Jin, Teng Deng, Zhuo Yang, Diandian Han, Yaqiong Su, Yuankun Wang, Zhenjiang Cao, Yangyang Liu, R. Vasant Kumar, Wei Tang, Shujiang Ding, Kai Xi

Issue&Volume: 2025-09-08

Abstract: Lithium metal batteries (LMBs) offer exceptional energy density and output voltage. However, their practical application remains hindered by sluggish ion transport and uncontrolled lithium dendrite formation, particularly under fast-charging conditions. Here, we report a facet-engineered anion-regulating separator based on zeolitic imidazolate framework-8 (ZIF-8) with preferentially crystal-exposed (110) facets. The coordinatively unsaturated Zn centers on this surface serve as Lewis acid sites that selectively anchor bis(trifluoromethanesulfonyl)imide anions (TFSI), inducing directional Li+ flux and suppressing dendritic growth. Concurrently, the microporous framework facilitates spatial lithium confinement, mitigating local current density and enhancing interfacial stability. As a result, the engineered separator enables ultra-stable cycling of Li||Cu cells for over 1400 cycles at 2 mA cm2 and 1 mAh cm2, delivering an average Coulombic efficiency of 98.7%. In full-cell configurations, LiFePO4 (LFP) cells exhibit 99.9% Coulombic efficiency over 3000 cycles at 5 C, while high-loading Li||LiNi0.8Co0.1Mn0.1O2 (NCM811, 12.30 mg cm2) cell retains 84.4% of its capacity after 135 cycles. Furthermore, a Li||LFP pouch cell with a high cathode loading of 19.92 mg cm2 demonstrates robust cycling over 170 cycles. These findings establish facet-engineered separators based on framework materials as a versatile and scalable strategy for advancing stable and fast-charging metal batteries.

DOI: 10.1002/anie.202512742

Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.202512742