近日，浙江大学陈洪亮团队研究了含能量耗散结构的单分子结中的可调谐多态机械电阻。相关论文发表在2025年9月8日出版的《德国应用化学》杂志上。

机械响应分子器件能够对外部机械刺激表现出动态响应，使智能材料、纳米器件和柔性电子器件的应用成为可能。然而，机械刺激引起的能量转换需要有效的能量耗散机制。传统的方法通常涉及断键或不完全的能量释放，这可能导致设备在连续操作期间失效。因此，确保分子器件在循环外力作用下的机械稳定性仍然是一个重大挑战。

研究组引入柱状[6]类芳烃环烷（PLC）作为能量耗散结构，在单分子水平上构建可编程的多态机械开关。他们观察到，与低能耗的刚性分子相比，基于PLC的大环分子器件不仅能承受高达6Å的机械拉伸，而且在机械拉伸/压缩过程中还表现出三种稳定状态。结合理论计算，研究组证实了这三种不同的状态与电荷传输途径和电极-分子界面耦合的强度有关。该工作确立了能量耗散作为多态机电器件设计的核心原则。

附：英文原文

Title: Tunable Multistate Mechanoresistance in a Single-Molecule Junction Incorporating Energy-Dissipative Structures

Author: Ping Zhou, Jiajun Cao, Kai Cheng, Bin Hua, Feihe Huang, Hongliang Chen

Issue&Volume: 2025-09-08

Abstract: Mechanoresponsive molecular devices are capable of exhibiting dynamic responses to external mechanical stimuli, enabling applications in smart materials, nano-devices, and flexible electronics. However, energy conversion induced by mechanical stimuli requires efficient energy dissipation mechanisms. Traditional methods often involve bond breaking or incomplete energy release, which can lead to device failure during continuous operations. Therefore, ensuring the mechanical stability of molecular devices under cyclic external forces remains a significant challenge. Here, we introduce a pillar[6]arene-like cyclophane (PLC) as an energy-dissipative structure to construct a programmable multistate mechanoswitching at the single-molecule level. We observed that, compared to rigid molecules with low energy dissipation, PLC-based macrocyclic molecular devices not only withstand mechanical stretching up to 6 but also exhibit three stable states during the mechanical stretching/compressing processes. Combined with theoretical calculations, we confirm that these three distinct states are related to the charge transport pathways and the strength of the electrode-molecule interface coupling. This work establishes energy dissipation as a core design principle for multistate mechanoelectronic devices.

DOI: 10.1002/anie.202514423

Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.202514423