近日，中国科学技术大学潘建伟团队报道了利用量子点单光子源实现非可信中间中继结构。这一研究成果发表在2025年8月26日出版的《自然—物理学》杂志上。

为了充分发挥量子技术的潜力，需要量子网络连接不同的系统，加强在计算、密码学和计量学方面的应用。这些网络的核心是量子中继，它可以促进远距离纠缠分布和量子通信。

在这项工作中，研究组提出了一个模块化和可扩展的量子中继架构，主题是高质量的单光子存在。所提出的网络包含三个非固定的中间节点，并且能够重复的频率为304.52 MHz。研究组设计了一个独立于测量设备的协议，以演示在覆盖长达300公里的光纤上建立安全密钥。该研究强调了量子中继中单光子特性在增强信息传输、扩大网络覆盖和提高部署灵活性方面的潜力，在未来的量子网络中具有广阔的应用前景。

附：英文原文

Title: Realization of an untrusted intermediate relay architecture using a quantum dot single-photon source

Author: Zou, Mi, He, Yu-Ming, Huang, Yizhi, Zhao, Jun-Yi, Li, Bin-Chen, Guo, Yong-Peng, Ding, Xing, Xu, Mo-Chi, Liu, Run-Ze, Zou, Geng-Yan, Ning, Zhen, You, Xiang, Wang, Hui, Pan, Wen-Xin, Zhu, Hao-Tao, Zheng, Ming-Yang, Xie, Xiu-Ping, Qin, Dandan, Jiang, Xiao, Huo, Yong-Heng, Zhang, Qiang, Lu, Chao-Yang, Ma, Xiongfeng, Chen, Teng-Yun, Pan, Jian-Wei

Issue&Volume: 2025-08-26

Abstract: To fully exploit the potential of quantum technologies, quantum networks are needed to link different systems, enhancing applications in computing, cryptography and metrology. Central to these networks are quantum relays that can facilitate long-distance entanglement distribution and quantum communication. In this work, we present a modular and scalable quantum relay architecture using a high-quality single-photon source. The proposed network incorporates three untrusted intermediate nodes and is capable of a repetition rate of 304.52MHz. We use a measurement-device-independent protocol to demonstrate secure key establishment over fibres covering up to 300km. This study highlights the potential of single-photon sources in quantum relays to enhance information transmission, expand network coverage and improve deployment flexibility, with promising applications in future quantum networks.

DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-03005-5

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-025-03005-5