孤立远平衡量子系统的粗化是一种典型的多体现象，涉及从亚核到宇宙长度尺度，并预测具有普遍的动态尺度。
研究组观察到均匀二维玻色气体在粗化过程中的普遍标度，其指数与分析预测相符。对于不同的初始状态，他们通过解释和分析初始状态相关的预标度效应，揭示了实验可达的有限时间动力学中的普遍标度。研究组介绍的方法可以直接比较冷原子实验和非平衡场理论，并适用于任何远离平衡的普遍性研究。
附：英文原文
Title: Universal coarsening in a homogeneous two-dimensional Bose gas
Author: Martin Gazo, Andrey Karailiev, Tanish Satoor, Christoph Eigen, Maciej Gaka, Zoran Hadzibabic
Issue&Volume: 2025-08-21
Abstract: Coarsening of an isolated far-from-equilibrium quantum system is a paradigmatic many-body phenomenon, relevant from subnuclear to cosmological length scales and predicted to feature universal dynamic scaling. Here, we observed universal scaling in the coarsening of a homogeneous two-dimensional Bose gas, with exponents that match analytical predictions. For different initial states, we reveal universal scaling in the experimentally accessible finite-time dynamics by elucidating and accounting for the initial-state-dependent prescaling effects. The methods we introduce allow direct comparison between cold-atom experiments and nonequilibrium field theory and are applicable to any study of universality far from equilibrium.
DOI: ado3487
Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.ado3487