南方科技大学张福才团队近日研究了基于帧间连续性的动态样本连续相干衍射成像。相关论文于2025年7月1日发表在《光：科学与应用》杂志上。

相干衍射成像（CDI）是一种具有衍射限制分辨率的无透镜成像技术，已成为世界范围内同步加速器设施的重要成像方式。当前CDI方法的性能仍然有限，特别是在处理动态样本或实现一致的高质量重建的能力方面。

研究组提出了一种新的动态样品的相干成像方法，该方法利用样品局部结构的帧间连续性作为相位衍射图案序列的附加约束。他们的算法包含了一个自适应的相似性确定程序，消除了对样本中不变区域的要求，并确保了对不同样本类型的广泛适用性。研究组通过对各种动态样本的实验证明了该技术的可行性，在几百次迭代内实现了高保真重建。与传统CDI相同的简单设置，高图像质量，以及将样品透射与其照明探针分离的能力，该方法有望显著推进动态样品分析的X射线成像和电子显微镜技术。

附：英文原文

Title: Serial coherent diffraction imaging of dynamic samples based on inter-frame continuity

Author: Sheng, Pengju, Zhang, Fucai

Issue&Volume: 2025-07-01

Abstract: Coherent diffraction imaging (CDI) provides lens-free imaging with diffraction-limited resolution and has become an important imaging modality at synchrotron facilities worldwide. The performance of current CDI approaches remains limited, particularly in their ability to handle dynamic samples or achieve consistent high-quality reconstructions. Here, we propose a novel coherent imaging approach for dynamic samples, which exploits the inter-frame continuity of the sample’s local structures as an additional constraint in phasing a sequence of diffraction patterns. Our algorithm incorporates an adaptive similarity determination procedure, eliminating the requirement for invariant regions in the sample and ensuring broad applicability to diverse sample types. We demonstrated the feasibility of this technique through experiments on various dynamic samples, achieving high-fidelity reconstructions within a few hundred iterations. With the same simple setup as conventional CDI, high image quality, and the ability to separate the sample transmission from its illumination probe, our method has the potential to significantly advance X-ray imaging and electron microscopy techniques for dynamic sample analysis.

DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01860-8

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41377-025-01860-8