法国巴黎萨克雷大学Antoine Browaeys团队研究了偶极XY里德伯模拟器中猝灭动力学的基本激发光谱。该研究于2025年6月19日发表在《科学》杂志上。

基本激励的性质和频谱是多体系统的定义特征。研究组使用里德伯量子模拟器来演示一种称为淬灭光谱的光谱学，它探测这些低能激发。他们在自旋1/2偶极XY模型的二维模拟中说明了该方法。 

通过对失超后空间自旋相关动力学的微观测量，研究组提取了铁磁和反铁磁耦合的基本激发的色散关系。铁磁体表现出表现为线性自旋波的基本激发，而在反铁磁体中，自旋波似乎会衰减，这表明存在很强的非线性。该演示强调了幂律相互作用对多体系统激发光谱的重要性。

附：英文原文

Title: Spectroscopy of elementary excitations from quench dynamics in a dipolar XY Rydberg simulator

Author: Cheng Chen, Gabriel Emperauger, Guillaume Bornet, Filippo Caleca, Bastien Gély, Marcus Bintz, Shubhayu Chatterjee, Vincent Liu, Daniel Barredo, Norman Y. Yao, Thierry Lahaye, Fabio Mezzacapo, Tommaso Roscilde, Antoine Browaeys

Issue&Volume: 2025-06-19

Abstract: The nature and spectrum of elementary excitations are defining features of a many-body system. Here, we use a Rydberg quantum simulator to demonstrate a form of spectroscopy, called quench spectroscopy, that probes these low-energy excitations. We illustrate the method on a two-dimensional simulation of the spin-1/2 dipolar XY model. Through microscopic measurements of the spatial spin correlation dynamics following a quench, we extract the dispersion relation of the elementary excitations for both ferro- and anti-ferromagnetic couplings. The ferromagnet exhibits elementary excitations behaving as linear spin waves, whereas in the anti-ferromagnet, spin waves appear to decay, suggesting the presence of strong nonlinearities. Our demonstration highlights the importance of power-law interactions on the excitation spectrum of a many-body system.

DOI: adn0618

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/science.adn0618