2025年6月17日，南通大学Xinyu Chen团队在《物理评论A》杂志发表论文，研究了通用量子结构上控制非电路的最近邻合成。

噪声中尺度量子（NISQ）器件在连接性和硬件噪声方面具有固有的局限性。受控NOT（cnot）电路的合成考虑了物理约束，并将量子算法转换为可以在物理芯片上正确执行的低级量子电路。在当前的趋势下，由于其可扩展性和低噪声特性，没有哈密顿路径的量子芯片架构正逐渐取代具有哈密顿路径的架构。为此，课题组研究了具有和不具有哈密顿路径的架构中cnot电路的最近邻综合，旨在提高电路执行后的保真度。 

首先，他们提出了一种通用量子体系结构的关键量子比特优先级映射模型。其次，通过使用禁忌搜索进一步改进了初始映射，以减少电路合成后cnot门的数量并提高其保真度。最后，基于关键量子比特优先级映射模型，提出了通用架构的噪声感知cnot电路最近邻合成算法。该算法在几个流行的云量子计算平台和模拟器上进行了演示，表明与主流方法相比，它有效地优化了cnot电路的保真度。此外，该方法可以扩展到更通用的电路，从而提高NISQ设备上量子计算的整体性能。

附：英文原文

Title: Nearest-neighbor synthesis of controlled-NOT circuits on general quantum architectures

Author: Xinyu Chen, Mingqiang Zhu, Xueyun Cheng, Zhijin Guan, Shiguang Feng, Pengcheng Zhu

Issue&Volume: 2025/06/17

Abstract: Noisy intermediate-scale quantum (NISQ) devices have inherent limitations in terms of connectivity and hardware noise. The synthesis of controlled-NOT (cnot) circuits considers the physical constraints and transforms quantum algorithms into low-level quantum circuits that can execute on physical chips correctly. In the current trend, quantum chip architectures without Hamiltonian paths are gradually replacing architectures with Hamiltonian paths due to their scalability and low-noise characteristics. To this end, this paper addresses the nearest-neighbor synthesis of cnot circuits in the architectures with and without Hamiltonian paths, aiming to enhance the fidelity of the circuits after execution. First, a key-qubit priority mapping model for general quantum architectures is proposed. Second, the initial mapping is further improved by using tabu search to reduce the number of cnot gates after circuit synthesis and enhance its fidelity. Finally, the noise-aware cnot circuit nearest-neighbor synthesis algorithm for the general architecture is proposed based on the key-qubit priority mapping model. The algorithm is demonstrated on several popular cloud quantum computing platforms and simulators, showing that it effectively optimizes the fidelity of cnot circuits compared with mainstream methods. Moreover, the method can be extended to more general circuits, thereby improving the overall performance of quantum computing on NISQ devices.

DOI: 10.1103/13m1-y3br

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/13m1-y3br