复旦大学赵东元团队近日研究了具有定制开窗和可调表面交叉凹槽的规则介孔超粒子。这一研究成果发表在2025年6月16日出版的《美国化学会志》上。

具有开口窗口和可控表面凹槽的常规中空介孔超微粒可以显著提高水性锌离子混合电容器的高负载性能，但其合成仍然是一个巨大的挑战。研究组介绍了一种静电力辅助的单颗粒受限组装策略，用于合成这种规则的中孔中空超微粒。介孔超粒子的特点是中心有一个中空（约250 nm）和一个定制的横向窗口（35-50 nm），使超粒子能够从内表面完全连接到外表面，单层球形中孔（约15 nm）有序地排列在空心壳上，形成独特的交叉凹槽。 

值得注意的是，可以实现水平和垂直（11×11-5×5）凹槽的宽度（29.5-62.4 nm）、深度（2.1-40.7 nm）和数量的精确操作。最后，作为水性锌离子混合电容器中高负载电极的介孔超微粒表现出弱极化、高比容量（0.1 A g^-1时为205 mAh g^-1）和优异的倍率性能（10 A g^-1时为105 mAh g^-1）。表面凹槽的可调节性使得能够正交控制电荷转移速率和离子扩散速率。介孔超结构证明了其在不同环境中的储能应用潜力。

附：英文原文

Title: Regular Mesoporous Superparticles with a Tailored Opening Window and Tunable Surface Crisscrossed Grooves

Author: Xiankai Fan, Jie Wang, Ziyan Han, Hao Li, Luxiao Zhang, Yujuan Zhao, Linlin Duan, Hui Shen, Jun Li, Lipeng Wang, Wanhai Zhou, Xiaojun Gu, Jiangwei Zhang, Dongliang Chao, Zaiwang Zhao, Dongyuan Zhao, Limin Wu

Issue&Volume: June 16, 2025

Abstract: Regular hollow mesoporous superparticles with an opening window and controllable surface grooves can significantly improve the high-loading performance of aqueous zinc ion hybrid capacitors, but their synthesis remains a great challenge. Herein, an electrostatic force-assisted monomicelle confined assembly strategy is demonstrated for synthesizing such regular mesoporous hollow superparticles. The mesoporous superparticles feature a hollow (～250 nm) in the center and a tailored transverse window (35–50 nm) to enable the superparticles to be totally connected from the inner to external surface, and a monolayer of spherical mesopores (～15 nm) is arrayed in an orderly fashion on the hollow shell to form the unique crisscrossed grooves. Notably, an accurate manipulation in the width (29.5–62.4 nm), depth (2.1–40.7 nm), and number in the horizontal and vertical (11 × 11–5 × 5) grooves can be realized. Finally, the mesoporous superparticles as the high-loading electrodes in aqueous zinc ion hybrid capacitors exhibit a weak polarization, a high specific capacity (205 mAh g,–1 at 0.1 A g–1), and an excellent rate performance (105 mAh g–1 at 10 A g–1). The adjustability of surface grooves enables the orthogonal control of the charge transfer rate and ion diffusion rate. The mesoporous superstructures demonstrate the potential for energy storage applications in different environments.

DOI: 10.1021/jacs.5c01622

Source: https://pubs.acs.org/doi/abs/10.1021/jacs.5c01622