近日，加州大学Ozcan, Aydogan团队研究了三维光学信息处理的通用点扩展函数工程。相关论文于2025年6月12日发表在《Light: Science & Applications》杂志上。

点扩散函数（PSF）工程在过去几十年中在高分辨率成像方面取得了显著进展。然而，通过现有工程方法获得的PSF结构的多样性是有限的。研究组报告了通用PSF工程，演示了一种在由级联透射表面组成的空间非相干衍射处理器的输入和输出体积之间合成任意一组空间变化的3D PSF的方法。 

他们严格分析了这种衍射处理器在光衍射极限内的PSF工程能力，并提供了独特成像能力的数值演示，例如不涉及任何光谱滤波器、轴向扫描或数字重建步骤的快照3D多光谱成像，这是由3D PSF的空间和光谱工程实现的。该框架和分析对于3D光学信息的计算成像、传感和衍射处理的未来发展非常重要。

附：英文原文

Title: Universal point spread function engineering for 3D optical information processing

Author: Rahman, Md Sadman Sakib, Ozcan, Aydogan

Issue&Volume: 2025-06-12

Abstract: Point spread function (PSF) engineering has been pivotal in the remarkable progress made in high-resolution imaging in the last decades. However, the diversity in PSF structures attainable through existing engineering methods is limited. Here, we report universal PSF engineering, demonstrating a method to synthesize an arbitrary set of spatially varying 3D PSFs between the input and output volumes of a spatially incoherent diffractive processor composed of cascaded transmissive surfaces. We rigorously analyze the PSF engineering capabilities of such diffractive processors within the diffraction limit of light and provide numerical demonstrations of unique imaging capabilities, such as snapshot 3D multispectral imaging without involving any spectral filters, axial scanning or digital reconstruction steps, which is enabled by the spatial and spectral engineering of 3D PSFs. Our framework and analysis would be important for future advancements in computational imaging, sensing, and diffractive processing of 3D optical information.

DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01887-x

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41377-025-01887-x