近日，广东工业大学李成超团队研究了亚纳米层次多孔通道金属-有机凝胶对锌金属电池超稳定阳极的单种选择性。2025年6月9日，《德国应用化学》杂志发表了这一成果。

凝胶聚合物电解质在水性锌离子电池中显示出巨大的潜力，但在分子/离子筛分精度提高和离子传导途径优化之间取得微妙的平衡仍然是一个持续的科学挑战。为了确保锌电沉积的长期稳定，研究组策略性地设计了一种嵌有分级亚纳米通道的聚丙烯腈（PAN）-Zn（ClO₄）₂-DMF金属有机凝胶（MOG），以促进对Zn²⁺的单物种选择性。根据离子筛分过渡态理论，MOG通过协同尺寸排阻效应和相互作用力（偶极-偶极相互作用、静电相互作用和vdW力）实现了DMF溶剂和ClO₄^-物种的定向区分，具体降低了Zn²⁺的筛分活化能。 

此外，具有优化微观结构尺寸和强配位能力的ClO₄^-阴离子与PAN链段的相互作用更强，促进Zn²⁺从PAN链段解离，这有助于通过独特的离子传输途径实现平稳的Zn²⁺通量。此外PAN@ClO₄^-该复合物展示了晶体取向的Zn（002）平面的可持续外延堆叠特性，这促进了平坦紧凑的Zn沉积。因此，锌对称电池在0.2 mA cm^-2下具有超过7000小时的卓越循环寿命，超电势极低（20 mV）。此外，Zn||I2电池在0.5 a g^-1下循环10000次后，容量保持率为81.7%。

附：英文原文

Title: Single-Specie Selectivity via Subnanomete Hierarchical Porous Channel Metal-Organic Gels Toward Ultra-stable Anodes for Zn Metal Batteries

Author: Xiaolong Jiang, Haoxin Liu, Zixin Han, Zuyang Hu, Kai Bai, Wencheng Du, Yufei Zhang, Minghui Ye, Yongchao Tang, Xiaoqing Liu, Zhipeng Wen, Cheng Chao Li

Issue&Volume: 2025-06-09

Abstract: Gel polymer electrolytes demonstrate substantial potential for aqueous zinc-ion batteries, yet obtaining exquisite balance between molecular/ion sieving precision enhancement and ion conduction pathway optimization remains a persistent scientific challenge. Here, to assure long-term stabilized zinc electrodeposition, a polyacrylonitrile (PAN)-Zn(ClO4)2-DMF metal-organic gel (MOG) embedded with hierarchical sub-nanochannels was strategically designed to facilitate single-specie selectivity toward Zn2+. In accordance with the ion-sieving transition state theory, the MOG accomplished directional discrimination of DMF solvent and ClO4- species via synergistic size exclusion effect and interaction force (dipole-dipole interaction, electrostatic interaction and vdW force), which specifically reduces the sieving activation energy of Zn2+. Furthermore, ClO4- anions with optimized microstructural dimensions and strong coordination ability have stronger interactions with PAN chain segments and promote the dissociation of Zn2+ from PAN chain segments, which facilitates a smooth Zn2+ flux through distinctive ion transport pathways. Besides, the PAN@ClO4- complex demonstrates sustainable epitaxial stacking characteristics of crystallographically oriented Zn (002) planes, which promote flat and compact Zn deposition. Consequently, the zinc symmetric battery demonstrates an exceptional cycle life exceeding 7000 hours at 0.2 mA cm-2, with extremely low overpotential (20 mV). Furthermore, the Zn||I2 cell maintains a capacity retention rate of 81.7% after 10000 cycles at 0.5 A g-1.

DOI: 10.1002/anie.202509236

Source: https://onlinelibrary.wiley.com/doi/10.1002/anie.202509236