近日，西安交通大学Xin Wang团队研究了巨原子结构环境中的选择性能带相互作用和远程跳变。2025年5月7日出版的《物理评论A》杂志发表了这项成果。

巨原子在多个离散点与环境耦合，由于它们的非局域耦合，在量子光学中表现出各种非平凡现象。在这项研究中，课题组提出了一种具有色散带和平带的一维十字缝梯形晶格。通过调节耦合点之间的相对相位，巨原子选择性地与任一能带相互作用。

首先，他们分析了色散带和平带在两点相交，原子频率位于该带内的情况。 与同时与两个能带相互作用的小原子不同，具有可控相位的单个巨原子只与色散带或平带相互作用。其次，在带隙机制中，两个原子通过束缚态重叠相互作用，表现为偶极-偶极相互作用，研究组证明了巨原子能够以比小原子更高的保真度实现确定性的长程跳跃和能量交换。这些发现为量子信息处理提供了有前景的应用，为量子系统和设备提供了增强的可控性和选择性。

附：英文原文

Title: Selective band interaction and long-range hopping in a structured environment with giant atoms

Author: Ying Xia, Jia-Qi Li, Xin Wang

Issue&Volume: 2025/05/07

Abstract: Giant atoms, which couple to the environment at multiple discrete points, exhibit various nontrivial phenomena in quantum optics due to their nonlocal couplings. In this study, we propose a one-dimensional cross-stitch ladder lattice featuring both a dispersive band and a flat band. By modulating the relative phase between the coupling points, the giant atom selectively interacts with either band. First, we analyze the scenario where the dispersive and flat bands intersect at two points, and the atomic frequency lies within the band. Unlike the small atom, which simultaneously interacts with both bands, a single giant atom with a controllable phase interacts exclusively with the dispersive or flat band. Second, in the band-gap regime, where two atoms interact through bound-state overlaps manifesting as dipole-dipole interactions, we demonstrate that giant atoms enable deterministic long-range hopping and energy exchange with higher fidelity than small atoms. These findings provide promising applications in quantum information processing, offering enhanced controllability and selectivity for quantum systems and devices.

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.111.053706

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.111.053706