美国加州理工学院Alexis Sáez团队近日研究了注入引起的慢滑事件的最大尺寸和强度。2025年5月9日出版的《科学进展》杂志发表了这项成果。

流体注入会引起抗震滑动，导致应力变化，其传播速度可能比孔隙压力扩散更快，可能会在距离注入井相当远的地方引发地震活动。因此，限制这些抗震破裂的最大范围对于更好地划分注入对其地震危险的影响区域非常重要。 

研究组基于破裂物理学推导出了抗震破裂最大尺寸的标度关系，考虑了具有任意流速历史的流体注入。此外，基于越来越多的证据表明，这些操作过程中的力矩释放通常主要是抗震的，他们推导出了抗震滑移事件最大震级的标度关系。该理论预测与从实验室到现实世界案例的广泛事件规模的观测结果一致，表明断层带储能性、背景应力变化和注入流体体积是注入诱导慢滑事件最大规模和幅度的关键决定因素。

附：英文原文

Title: Maximum size and magnitude of injection-induced slow slip events

Author: Alexis Sáez, Franois Passelègue, Brice Lecampion

Issue&Volume: 2025-05-09

Abstract: Fluid injections can induce aseismic slip, resulting in stress changes that may propagate faster than pore pressure diffusion, potentially triggering seismicity at substantial distances from injection wells. Constraining the maximum extent of these aseismic ruptures is, thus, important for better delineating the influence zone of injections concerning their seismic hazard. Here, we derive a scaling relation based on rupture physics for the maximum size of aseismic ruptures, accounting for fluid injections with arbitrary flow rate histories. Moreover, on the basis of mounting evidence that the moment release during these operations is often predominantly aseismic, we derive a scaling relation for the maximum magnitude of aseismic slip events. Our theoretical predictions are consistent with observations over a broad spectrum of event sizes, from laboratory to real-world cases, indicating that fault zone storativity, background stress change, and injected fluid volume are key determinants of the maximum size and magnitude of injection-induced slow slip events.

DOI: adq0662

Source: https://www.science.org/doi/10.1126/sciadv.adq0662