上海交通大学唐鸿志小组的一项最新研究报道了工程弧菌对复杂有机污染物的生物修复。相关论文于2025年5月7日发表在《自然》杂志上。

在本研究中，该课题组以合成生物学为主题，将营养弧菌改造成一种能够生物修复含盐废水和土壤中复杂有机污染物的菌株。将能力主调控基因tfoX插入到V.ntrigens菌株Vmax和过表达，以增强DNA的摄取和整合。在酵母中化学合成并组装了降解基因细胞。研究人员开发了一种基因组工程方法（基于Vmax和放大tfoX效应的迭代自然转化）来转移5个基因位点(43kb total)转换成Vmax。该工程菌株具有生物修复五种有机污染物（联苯、苯酚、萘、二苯并呋喃和甲苯）的能力，涵盖了氯碱厂和炼油厂工业废水样品中的广泛底物范围，从单环到多环化合物。

据介绍，工业废水、石油污染和塑料污染因其毒性、诱变性和持久性而对全球海洋生物安全构成重大威胁。微生物在生物修复中的研究一直受到有机污染物的复杂性和对盐胁迫的有限耐受性的限制。

附：英文原文

Title: Bioremediation of complex organic pollutants by engineered Vibrio natriegens

Author: Su, Cong, Cui, Haotian, Wang, Weiwei, Liu, Yong, Cheng, Zhenyu, Wang, Chen, Yang, Mengqiao, Qu, Liwen, Li, Ye, Cai, Yuejin, He, Siyang, Zheng, Jiaxin, Zhao, Pingping, Xu, Ping, Dai, Junbiao, Tang, Hongzhi

Issue&Volume: 2025-05-07

Abstract: Industrial wastewater, petroleum pollution and plastic contamination are significant threats to global marine biosecurity because of their toxic, mutagenic and persistent nature1. The use of microorganisms in bioremediation has been constrained by the complexity of organic pollutants and limited tolerance to saline stress2. In this study, we used synthetic biology to engineer Vibrio natriegens into a strain capable of bioremediating complex organic pollutants in saline wastewater and soils. The competence master regulator gene tfoX was inserted into chromosome 1 of the V.natriegens strain Vmax and overexpressed to enhance DNA uptake and integration. Degradation gene clusters were chemically synthesized and assembled in yeast. We developed a genome engineering method (iterative natural transformation based on Vmax with amplified tfoX effect) to transfer five gene clusters (43kb total) into Vmax. The engineered strain has the ability to bioremediate five organic pollutants (biphenyl, phenol, naphthalene, dibenzofuran and toluene) covering a broad substrate range, from monocyclic to multicyclic compounds, in industrial wastewater samples from a chlor–alkali plant and a petroleum refinery.

DOI: 10.1038/s41586-025-08947-7

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41586-025-08947-7