近日，意大利帕多瓦大学Andrea Vogliardi团队研究了用于控制任意相位和偏振环图的方位可变完美矢量光束。相关论文于2025年5月6日发表在《光：科学与应用》杂志上。

完美涡旋因其独特的环轮廓而受到认可，该轮廓与拓扑电荷无关，由于需要对相位和极化进行精确控制，因此在生成方面存在重大挑战。在这项工作中，研究组介绍并验证了一种生成这些光束的新方法，实现选择不同的方位角变化相位梯度和矢量状态，从而能够完全控制完美涡旋的相位和偏振模式。 

使用双功能硅元光学，研究组实现了一类新型完美涡旋的紧凑生成，称为方位角可变完美矢量光束。通过滤波方法对产生的光束进行光学表征，证实了它们固有的方位角变化矢量特性。这些光束表现出独特的特性，有望在光学高频化、低折射率粒子的操纵、冷原子的捕获和高容量通信中得到有价值的应用。

附：英文原文

Title: Azimuthally-variant perfect vector beams for the control of arbitrary phase and polarization ring patterns

Author: Vogliardi, Andrea, Ruffato, Gianluca, Bonaldo, Daniele, Dal Zilio, Simone, Romanato, Filippo

Issue&Volume: 2025-05-06

Abstract: Perfect vortices, recognized for their distinct ring profile that remains independent of the topological charge, present significant challenges in generation due to the precise control needed over both phase and polarization. In this work, we introduce and validate a new approach for generating these beams, allowing the selection of different azimuthally-variant phase gradients and vector states, thereby enabling full control over the phase and polarization patterns of perfect vortices. Using dual-functional silicon metaoptics, we achieve the compact generation of a novel class of perfect vortices, termed azimuthally-variant perfect vector beams. The optical characterization of the generated beams, performed through a filtering method, confirms their intrinsic azimuthally-variant vectorial nature. These beams exhibit unique properties that promise valuable applications in optical tweezing, the manipulation of low-refractive-index particles, the trapping of cold atoms, and high-capacity communications.

DOI: 10.1038/s41377-025-01859-1

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41377-025-01859-1