近日，中国科学技术大学张海江团队通过地震学和岩石物理联合分析了玻利维亚乌图伦库火山下岩浆-热液系统的解剖。2025年4月28日，《美国科学院院刊》发表了这一成果。
对于火山系统，评估潜在的喷发概率需要了解上地壳储层中熔体和气体聚集的程度，这是一个具有挑战性的问题。研究组联合使用地球物理成像和岩石物理分析来揭示玻利维亚乌图伦库火山下地壳上部气体或超临界流体的现状和途径。尽管上一次爆发是在250±5ka前，但乌图伦库火山仍然活跃，有可观察到的变形和地震活动。为了评估其现状，他们使用局部地震台网确定了上地壳火山系统的高分辨率各向同性和各向异性地震速度结构。
将该地震分析与之前的地球物理成像结果和岩石物理建模相结合，研究组描绘了流体向地表和火山口下方浅层天然气聚集区迁移的路径。这种流体迁移和聚集解释了为什么乌图伦库火山仍然显示出活动的迹象。该研究展示了地震学与岩石物理模型和岩石学分析相结合如何解决火山系统的详细结构和组成问题，这对评估火山爆发危险至关重要。
附：英文原文
Title: Anatomy of the magmatic–hydrothermal system beneath Uturuncu volcano, Bolivia, by joint seismological and petrophysical analysis
Author: Liu, Ying, Kendall, John Michael, Zhang, Haijiang, Blundy, Jonathan D., Pritchard, Matthew E., Hudson, Thomas, MacQueen, Patricia
Issue&Volume: 2025-4-28
Abstract: For a volcanic system, evaluating potential eruption probability requires understanding the extent of melt and gas accumulation in the upper crustal reservoir, which is challenging to resolve. Here, we jointly use geophysical imaging and petrophysical analysis to unravel the current state and pathway of gas or supercritical fluids in the upper crust beneath Uturuncu volcano in Bolivia. Although it last erupted 250 ± 5 ka ago, Uturuncu remains active with observable deformation and seismicity. To assess its current state, we have determined high-resolution isotropic and anisotropic seismic velocity structures of the volcanic system in the upper crust using local seismic networks. Combining our seismic analysis with previous geophysical imaging results and rock physics modeling, we delineate pathways of migrating fluids traveling toward the surface and a shallow gas accumulation zone beneath the crater. This fluid migration and accumulation explains why Uturuncu volcano still shows signs of activity. Our study exemplifies how seismology combined with rock physics models and petrological analysis can resolve the detailed structure and composition of a volcanic system, critical for assessing eruption hazard.
DOI: 10.1073/pnas.2420996122
Source: https://www.pnas.org/doi/abs/10.1073/pnas.2420996122