中国地质科学院Yuguo Cai团队提出了西藏中部漏斗状地壳构造及其对岩石圈移动过程的启示。2025年4月15日出版的《地质学》杂志发表了这项成果。

西藏中部是研究印度板块和欧亚板块之间深层岩石圈相互作用的关键地区。尽管人们对该地区非常感兴趣，但由于该地区海拔较高，探索该地区相当深的地壳响应被证明是具有挑战性的。

研究组在西藏中部进行了220公里长的深地震反射测量。地震剖面揭示了明显的中下地壳特征，显示出向上凹陷的模式。莫霍面的一致几何形状强调了整体漏斗形地壳结构，表明局部缩短。这种独特的结构，再加上前进的印度岩石圈的持续压缩，勾勒出了始新世之前西藏中部的初始漏斗形地壳结构，可能引发重力不稳定，导致岩石圈滴落。

随后，在前进的印度岩石圈的持续压缩和岩石圈滴落后上地幔热流的增加的驱动下，分层演化，可能促进地壳分离。西藏中部以下集中的高地温梯度，以及地表火山活动和隆起的向北迁移，阐明了分层过程。

附：英文原文

Title: The funnel-shaped crustal architecture in central Tibet and its insights into the progression of lithospheric removal

Author: Zhanwu Lu, Rui Gao, Xiaoyu Guo, Wenhui Li, Xiao Xu, Zhuoxuan Shi, Yongzhi Cheng, Guowei Wu, Yuguo Cai

Issue&Volume: 2025-04-15

Abstract: Central Tibet is a critical area for researching the profound lithospheric interactions between the Indian and Eurasian plates. Despite considerable interest in the area, exploring crustal responses at significant depths in the region proves challenging due to its high elevation. We carried out a 220-km-long deep seismic reflection survey in central Tibet. The seismic profile unveils distinct mid-to-lower crustal features displaying concave-upward patterns. The consistent geometry identified at the Moho emphasizes an overall funnel-shaped crustal configuration, indicating localized shortening. This unique architecture, coupled with the sustained compression from the advancing Indian lithosphere, outlines the initial funnel-shaped crustal structure of central Tibet predating the Eocene, potentially initiating gravitational instability leading to lithospheric dripping. Subsequently, delamination evolved, driven by continuous compression from the advancing Indian lithosphere and increased upper-mantle heat flow post-lithospheric dripping, potentially facilitating crustal separation. The concentrated high geothermal gradient beneath central Tibet, along with the northward migration of surface volcanism and uplift, elucidates the delamination process.

DOI: 10.1130/G52955.1

Source: https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article-abstract/doi/10.1130/G52955.1/653644/The-funnel-shaped-crustal-architecture-in-centralredirectedFrom=fulltext