海马输出抑制眶额皮层图式细胞的形成，这一成果由美国国家药物滥用研究所Geoffrey Schoenbaum研究团队经过不懈努力而取得。该项研究成果发表在2025年4月14日出版的《自然—神经科学》上。

在本研究中，课题组研究人员通过询问在学习后和跨问题迁移过程中，大鼠OFC的图式相关如何受到HC输出失活的影响，来检验这两种模型之间的关系。研究人员发现图式相关的普遍性和内容不受学习后一个主要的HC输出区（腹侧下托）失活的影响，而在转移过程中失活则加速了图式相关的形成。这些结果支持OFC和HC并行操作以提取定义认知地图和模式的不同特征的建议。

据悉，眶额皮层（OFC）和海马体（HC）都参与认知地图的形成和图式的归纳。然而，这些区域如何相互作用以支持该功能仍不清楚，一些建议支持串行模型，其中OFC利用HC创建的任务表征来提取关键行为特征，另一些建议采用并行模型，其中两个区域构建突出不同类型信息的表征。

附：英文原文

Title: Hippocampal output suppresses orbitofrontal cortex schema cell formation

Author: Zong, Wenhui, Zhou, Jingfeng, Gardner, Matthew P. H., Zhang, Zhewei, Costa, Kau Machado, Schoenbaum, Geoffrey

Issue&Volume: 2025-04-14

Abstract: Both the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) and the hippocampus (HC) are implicated in the formation of cognitive maps and their generalization into schemas. However, how these areas interact in supporting this function remains unclear, with some proposals supporting a serial model in which the OFC draws on task representations created by the HC to extract key behavioral features and others suggesting a parallel model in which both regions construct representations that highlight different types of information. In the present study, we tested between these two models by asking how schema correlates in rat OFC would be affected by inactivating the output of the HC, after learning and during transfer across problems. We found that the prevalence and content of schema correlates were unaffected by inactivating one major HC output area, the ventral subiculum, after learning, whereas inactivation during transfer accelerated their formation. These results favor the proposal that the OFC and HC operate in parallel to extract different features defining cognitive maps and schemas.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-025-01928-z

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-025-01928-z