来源于神经上皮的多能性神经干细胞存在于小鼠中枢神经系统外，这一成果由德国马克斯·普朗克分子生物医学研究所Hans R. Schöler课题组经过不懈努力而取得。2025年4月10日出版的《Nature Cell Biology》发表了这项成果。

外周神经干细胞（pNSCs）存在于中枢神经系统之外，可以从同主题胚胎肢体、出生后肺、尾巴、背根神经节和成人肺组织中分离出来。衍生的pNSCs不同于神经嵴干细胞，表达多种NSCs特异性标记物，表现出与对照脑NSCs相似的细胞形态、自我更新和分化能力、全基因组转录谱和表观遗传特征。pNSCs由源自神经上皮细胞的Sox1+细胞组成。原位pNSCs与脑内NSCs具有相似的分子特征。

此外，许多迁移出神经管的pNSCs可以在胚胎和出生后发育过程中分化为成熟的神经元和有限的胶质细胞。他们对pNSCs的发现为哺乳动物神经系统发育提供了以前未被发现的见解，并提出了神经再生治疗的另一种潜在策略。

据了解，传统的认识表明，哺乳动物神经干细胞（NSCs）只存在于中枢神经系统。

附：英文原文

Title: Multipotent neural stem cells originating from neuroepithelium exist outside the mouse central nervous system

Author: Han, Dong, Xu, Wan, Jeong, Hyun-Woo, Park, Hongryeol, Weyer, Kathrin, Tsytsyura, Yaroslav, Stehling, Martin, Wu, Guangming, Lan, Guocheng, Kim, Kee-Pyo, Renner, Henrik, Han, Dong Wook, Chen, Yicong, Gerovska, Daniela, Arazo-Bravo, Marcos J., Klingauf, Jrgen, Schwamborn, Jens Christian, Adams, Ralf H., Liu, Pentao, Schler, Hans R.

Issue&Volume: 2025-04-10

Abstract: Conventional understanding dictates that mammalian neural stem cells (NSCs) exist only in the central nervous system. Here, we report that peripheral NSCs (pNSCs) exist outside the central nervous system and can be isolated from mouse embryonic limb, postnatal lung, tail, dorsal root ganglia and adult lung tissues. Derived pNSCs are distinct from neural crest stem cells, express multiple NSC-specific markers and exhibit cell morphology, self-renewing and differentiation capacity, genome-wide transcriptional profile and epigenetic features similar to control brain NSCs. pNSCs are composed of Sox1+ cells originating from neuroepithelial cells. pNSCs in situ have similar molecular features to NSCs in the brain. Furthermore, many pNSCs that migrate out of the neural tube can differentiate into mature neurons and limited glial cells during embryonic and postnatal development. Our discovery of pNSCs provides previously unidentified insight into the mammalian nervous system development and presents an alternative potential strategy for neural regenerative therapy.

DOI: 10.1038/s41556-025-01641-w

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41556-025-01641-w