德国Max Born研究所S. Patchkovskii团队研究了非完美仪器中累积量映射的统计理论。相关论文于2025年4月10日发表在《物理评论A》杂志上。

累积映射最近被认为是一种观察多粒子碎裂途径的有效方法，同时绕过了通常的重合测量方法的限制。研究组对中等外部噪声存在下的累积量映射技术进行了形式化分析，该噪声会在片段之间产生虚假相关性。抑制虚假累积量信号可能会对实验装置的稳定性和/或允许的平均事件率施加严重限制，这些限制随着累积量阶数的增加而增加。

研究结果证明，在非完美仪器中，累积量作图对于显性过程和具有无背景标记片段的途径仍然具有竞争力。该研究进一步表明，假累积量贡献随着平均事件率的增加比线性增加得更快，为实验数据分析提供了一个简单的测试。

附：英文原文

Title: Statistical theory of cumulant mapping in an imperfect apparatus

Author: S. Patchkovskii, J. Mikosch

Issue&Volume: 2025/04/10

Abstract: Cumulant mapping has recently been suggested [Frasinski, Phys. Chem. Chem. Phys. 24, 20776 (2022)] as an efficient approach to observing multiparticle fragmentation pathways while bypassing the restrictions of the usual coincidence-measurement approach. We present a formal analysis of the cumulant-mapping technique in the presence of moderate external noise, which induces spurious correlations between the fragments. Suppression of a false-cumulant signal may impose severe restrictions on the stability of the experimental setup and/or the permissible average event rate, which increase with cumulant order. We demonstrate that cumulant mapping in an imperfect apparatus remains competitive for dominant processes and for pathways with a background-free marker fragment. We further show that the false-cumulant contributions increase faster than linearly with the average event rate, providing a simple test for the experimental data analysis.

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.111.043108

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.111.043108