美国洛斯阿拉莫斯国家实验室Nikolai A. Sinitsyn团队研究了通过临界点的非绝热不对称放大。相关论文发表在2025年3月4日出版的《物理评论A》杂志上。

研究组提出并求解了一个在存在对称破缺相互作用和无耗散的情况下通过二阶相变的动态通道的最小模型。该模型将潘勒韦第二方程的哈密顿动力学推广到多自由度的情况，同时保持了可积性。

无论哈密顿量的对称破缺参数有多弱，演化最终都会导致高度不对称的状态。这表明，在产生具有几乎相同特征的准粒子时，存在一种强不对称的潜在机制。该模型的可积性也给出了非绝热激发准粒子密度标度的精确指数。

附：英文原文

Title: Asymmetry amplification by a nonadiabatic passage through a critical point

Author: Bhavay Tyagi, Fumika Suzuki, Vladimir A. Chernyak, Nikolai A. Sinitsyn

Issue&Volume: 2025/03/04

Abstract: We propose and solve a minimal model of dynamic passage through a second-order phase transition in the presence of symmetry-breaking interactions and no dissipation. Our model generalizes the Hamiltonian dynamics of the Painlevé-2 equation to the case with many degrees of freedom, while maintaining the integrability property. The evolution eventually leads to a highly asymmetric state, no matter how weak the symmetry-breaking parameter of the Hamiltonian is. This suggests a potential mechanism for strong asymmetry in the production of quasiparticles with nearly identical characteristics. The model's integrability also yields exact exponents for the scaling of the density of the nonadiabatically excited quasiparticles.

DOI: 10.1103/PhysRevA.111.032205

Source: https://journals.aps.org/pra/abstract/10.1103/PhysRevA.111.032205