法国巴黎萨克雷大学Victor Barizien团队研究了最小贝尔情景下的量子统计。相关论文于2025年3月26日发表在《自然—物理学》杂志上。

在任何实验环境中，量子物理学都提供了观测结果预期遵循的统计分布。由所有这些分布形成的集合包含了量子理论的印记，并捕捉到了它的一些核心属性。到目前为止，对于独立观察者可以共享和测量纠缠态的贝尔型设置，只发现了该集合的部分显式描述。

研究组根据极值点得到了一整套量子统计的完整显式和解析描述。这是通过找到所有可以自我测试的二分量子态和二元测量对来实现的，即仅从经验统计中重建。该描述准确地揭示了量子理论的一些范围和局限性。

附：英文原文

Title: Quantum statistics in the minimal Bell scenario

Author: Barizien, Victor, Bancal, Jean-Daniel

Issue&Volume: 2025-03-26

Abstract: In any experimental setting, quantum physics provides the statistical distributions that the observed outcomes are expected to follow. The set formed by all these distributions contains the imprint of quantum theory and captures some of its core properties. So far, only partial explicit descriptions of this set have been found for Bell-type settings in which entangled states can be shared and measured by independent observers. Here we obtain the complete explicit and analytical description of a full set of quantum statistics in terms of its extremal points. This is made possible by finding all bipartite quantum states and pairs of binary measurements that can be self-tested, that is, reconstructed from empirical statistics only. Our description precisely reveals some of the extent and limitations of quantum theory.

DOI: 10.1038/s41567-025-02782-3

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41567-025-02782-3