近日，葡萄牙里斯本大学Joo Mata团队追踪了一个共同的地幔源：从伊比利亚西南部到马德拉加那利群岛。该研究于2025年3月12日发表在《地质学》杂志上。

横跨中东大西洋碱性岩省（CEAAP）的古地理重建表明，自晚白垩世以来，在地幔过渡带积聚的一个静止的超级地幔柱是移动伊比利亚微板块和非洲板块西北部岩浆活动不规则时空分布的原因。影响西南伊比利亚边缘（SWIM）的地幔上升流（103−70 Ma）显示出与摩洛哥（57−45 Ma）和马德拉加那利群岛（<32 Ma）随后岩浆活动的同源古地理亲缘关系，导致海洋和大陆环境中的幕式板内岩浆活动。

该模型表明，羽状物的间歇性排放导致了每个扇区中不同且相关的岩浆作用团的侵位。此外，该研究结果表明，羽流拖曳可能是加那利群岛、马德拉岛和托尔地区岩浆活动恢复的原因。在撒哈拉海山（142~75 Ma）和摩洛哥阿特拉斯（<11 Ma）上，综合古地理重建指向不同的岩浆源，独立于最初的SWIM超级地幔柱。边缘驱动对流模型不需要解释CEAAP大陆-海洋域岩浆作用的显著时空分布。

附：英文原文

Title: Tracking a common mantle source: From southwest Iberia to the Madeira-Canarias Islands

Author: Ricardo Pereira, Bruno Araújo, Joo C. Duarte, Joo Mata

Issue&Volume: 2025-03-12

Abstract: Paleogeographic reconstructions across the Central-East Atlantic Alkaline Province (CEAAP) reveal that a stationary super-plume, ponded at the mantle transition zone since the Late Cretaceous, is responsible for the irregular spatial-temporal distribution of magmatism across the mobile Iberian microplate and the northwest of the African plate. The mantle upwelling affecting the Southwest Iberian Margin (SWIM) (10370 Ma) shows cogenetic paleogeographic affinities with subsequent magmatism in Morocco (5745 Ma) and Madeira-Canarias (<32 Ma), resulting in episodic intra-plate magmatic activity both on oceanic and continental settings. The model indicates that the intermittent emission of plumelets resulted in the emplacement of distinct and correlative clusters of magmatism in each sector. Additionally, our results suggest that plumelet dragging may be responsible for the rejuvenated magmatism along the Canarias, Madeira, and Tore regions. On the Sahara Seamounts (14275 Ma) and the Moroccan Atlas (<11 Ma), the combined paleogeographic reconstructions point to distinct magmatic sources, independent from the initial SWIM super-plume. Edge-driven convective models are not required to explain the conspicuous spatial-temporal distribution of magmatism across the continent-ocean domains of the CEAAP.

DOI: 10.1130/G52930.1

Source: https://pubs.geoscienceworld.org/gsa/geology/article/doi/10.1130/G52930.1/652831/Tracking-a-common-mantle-source-From-southwest