宾夕法尼亚大学Michael J. Kahana研究组取得一项新突破。他们报道了研究阶段的恢复预示着随后的回忆。该研究于2025年3月11日发表于国际一流学术期刊《自然—神经科学》杂志上。

利用颅内脑电图（EEG）的高时间特异性，研究小组研究了在个体编码事件之间的短暂间隔内，先前经历过的项目的自发再激活。在两个大规模的自由回忆实验中，课题组人员发现在这些时期的再激活，通过颅内脑电图频谱相似性测量，预测了随后的回忆。在第三个实验中，该课题组研究人员证明了同样的方法可以识别与后续记忆相关的编码后再激活，与之前的结果一致。因此，自发的学习阶段恢复可以可靠地预测记忆行为，将心理解释与神经机制联系起来，并为编码过程中的快速巩固过程提供证据。

据了解，在经历发生后，大脑能提高它的可检索性吗系统巩固理论提出，在编码后的休息期间，特定项目的皮层再激活有助于形成稳定的记忆表征，这一预测得到了人类和动物神经证据的支持。这种重新激活也可能发生在较短的时间尺度上，这为经典列表记忆现象提供了一种潜在的解释，但缺乏神经数据的支持。

附：英文原文

Title: Study-phase reinstatement predicts subsequent recall

Author: Halpern, David J., Lega, Bradley C., Gross, Robert E., Wu, Chengyuan, Sperling, Michael R., Aronson, Joshua P., Jobst, Barbara C., Kahana, Michael J.

Issue&Volume: 2025-03-11

Abstract: Can the brain improve the retrievability of an experience after it has occurred Systems consolidation theory proposes that item-specific cortical reactivation during post-encoding rest periods facilitates the formation of stable memory representations, a prediction supported by neural evidence in humans and animals. Such reactivation may also occur on shorter timescales, offering a potential account of classic list memory phenomena but lacking in support from neural data. Leveraging the high temporal specificity of intracranial electroencephalography (EEG), we investigate spontaneous reactivation of previously experienced items during brief intervals between individual encoding events. Across two large-scale free-recall experiments, we show that reactivation during these periods, measured by spectral intracranial EEG similarity, predicts subsequent recall. In a third experiment, we show that the same methodology can identify post-encoding reactivation that correlates with subsequent memory, consistent with previous results. Thus, spontaneous study-phase reinstatement reliably predicts memory behavior, linking psychological accounts to neural mechanisms and providing evidence for rapid consolidation processes during encoding.

DOI: 10.1038/s41593-025-01884-8

Source: https://www.nature.com/articles/s41593-025-01884-8